THE INFLUENCE OF PARENT-CHILD BONDING ON SOCIAL ORIENTATION OF ADOLESCENTS
ABSTRACT
The study looked at the impact of parent-child bonding on children’s social orientation in Lagos State’s Mainland Local Government Area. In this study, an extensive and relevant literature was reviewed under related sub-headings. The descriptive research survey design was applied in this study in order to assess the opinions of the selected respondents with the use of the questionnaire and the sampling technique.
Also, a total of 120 (one hundred and twenty) respondents were selected and used in this study. In this study, four null hypotheses were developed and tested, with the independent t-test and the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical tools used at the 0.05 level of significance to determine the two variables in the study. At the end of the analysis, the following results emerged:
1. Parent-child bonding has a significant influence on children’s social orientation.
2. Ethnic differences in parent-child bonding significantly influence adolescents’ social orientation in the society.
3. There is no significant impact of religion on parent-child bonding.
4. There is no significant difference of socio-economic status in parent-child bonding on adolescent’s social orientation of adolescents
CHAPTER ONE
1.0Introduction/Background to the Study
Human beings are social creatures that choose to live among others of their kind. Humans gradually acquire the behaviors and concepts that prepare them for group life, beginning in infancy. This process is known as socialization, and it occurs naturally as parents and others guide their children toward the behaviors, values, goals, and motives that society considers appropriate (Harlows, 2000).
Young animals, including humans, form strong attachments to their man soon after birth, according to Levine (2003). The bond ensures that offspring stay close by so that they can be nurtured, protected, and taught to behave adaptively.
When a fundamental attachment is established, the parent is more likely to engage in more talking, rocking, and holding. This responsive social stimulation increases the child’s eye contact, babbling, and smiling, further cementing the bond between parent and child (Yarrow, 2002).
However, true maturity can be measured in part by an individual’s growing awareness of and interest in other people, as well as an appreciation of their rights and desires, and a willingness to subordinate personal desires to the greater good of the greater number (Yarrow, 2002).
Expansion of the child’s social consciousness as he matures is an important training issue. The difference between a “spoiled, disagreeable, poorly adjusted child and a likable youngster who is making acceptable social adjustments” is represented by the outcome.
A child who is born into a warm environment with peaceful and loving parents is more likely to grow up happy, showing love to others, particularly his or her peers at school or at home. An unwanted child who begins to experience frustration and rejection at a young age as a result of the attitudes of his or her parents and other adults in his or her environment is more likely to grow up to be an unhappy child.
By the time the child reaches adolescence, his character is formed from his childhood experiences. This is because most children do not get along with their parents because of their parents’ negative and frustrating attitudes. Most parents abuse their children, and their actions do not foster a positive relationship between them and their children.
However, it is primarily during the adolescent stage that parents begin to notice deviant behavior in their child when he or she fails to meet their expectations, without considering the context in which the child has developed (Adindu, 2005).
Bernhardt (2004) believes that a lack of good and healthy relationships between parents and their children causes social awkwardness, which causes him (the adolescent) to be loud and noisy at times, to show off, to swing quickly from one mood to another, to occasionally revert to childish behavior, and to have periods of rebellion to authorities of both parents and adult members of society. All of these and other similar patterns of adolescent behavior may be difficult for parents to understand and accept.
According to Adamson (2003), constant criticism, nagging, or punishment are more likely to make the child’s behavior worse. Children of nagging and punishing parents have children who are aggressive, wicked, disobedient, and have a negative adjustment to the norms and values of their community. As a result of being raised in an unfavorable parental environment, these children grow up to be aggressive toward other children in their environment or at school.
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THE INFLUENCE OF PARENT-CHILD BONDING ON SOCIAL ORIENTATION OF ADOLESCENTS
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