IMPORTANCE OF REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE IN MODERN BUILDING
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IMPORTANCE OF REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE IN MODERN BUILDING
CHAPITRE ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
One of the most common structural systems is reinforced concrete structures. Many architecture students are designing using reinforced concrete structure systems. However, they frequently create structurally dubious structures since they are attempting to convey their creative ideas with insufficient knowledge of R.C. create.
Frequently, the design of structural members is not their major concern. Although excessive structural concerns may impede their hunt for new solutions, fundamental structural computation is essential for design. Structurally sound solutions can help bring their design ideals to life.
Unfortunately, most architecture schools focus on visual design instruction rather than a balanced design and structure education. Equal class time for structural and design subjects does not constitute a balanced education. However, pupils must be able to discern if their design has a reasonable structure.
Many students consult widely available books on architectural graphic standards for guidance. However, they are not appropriate to a wide range of circumstances. Furthermore, because reinforced concrete structures are made of concrete and steel, they necessitate several calculations and condition inputs.
The Reinforced Concrete Structure Design (RCSD) programme, created for this thesis, can assist architecture students and users in analysing their designs and understanding structural foundations.
Although there are several reinforced concrete structure programmes, the majority of them are aimed at advanced users with a background in structural engineering.
The RCSD programme is intended for novice users, such as architecture undergraduate and graduate students with limited structural expertise. It assists users with this by providing a graphical input method and a step-by-step calculating procedure. The user can use this programme to create basic structural components such as a slab, beam, column, and footing.
The programme is also founded on the American Concrete Institute Code. The ultimate purpose of this programme is for users to be able to use it to examine their own designs and calculate structural proportions of their design ideas.
To improve structural qualities, Portland cement concrete contains higher-strength, solid elements. Steel wires or bars are typically employed for such reinforcement, however for some applications, glass fibres or chopped wires have produced satisfactory results.
Because of its low tensile strength, unreinforced concrete breaks at relatively light loads or temperature changes. The fissures are unattractive and have the potential to cause structural failure.
Reinforcement is integrated into the concrete to prevent cracking or to regulate the size of crack openings. Reinforcement can also be employed to increase dynamic characteristics or to resist compressive forces.
Steel is commonly utilised in concrete. It is elastic, yet it has a significant reserve strength beyond its elastic limit. It changes length roughly one-tenth as much as concrete under a specific axial force. Steel is more than ten times stronger than concrete in compression and more than 100 times stronger in tension.
The bars are arranged in a shape during construction, and then concrete from a mixer is cast to embed them. After the concrete hardens, deformation is resisted, and stresses are transferred from the concrete to the reinforcement via friction and adhesion along the reinforcement’s surface.
Individual wires or bars resist stretching and tensile stress in concrete only in the direction that they extend. Tensile stresses and deformations, on the other hand, can occur in multiple directions at the same time.
As a result, reinforcing is frequently required in more than one direction. Reinforcement is occasionally built in a rectangular grid for this reason.
The downside of bars, grids, and cloth is that the primary effect of reinforcement occurs predominantly in the plane of the layer in which they are positioned. As a result, the reinforcement is frequently put in many layers or moulded into cages.
Under certain conditions, fiber-reinforced concrete can be used in place of such configurations. See Prestressed concrete, Composite beam, Concrete, Concrete beam, Concrete column, Concrete slab
STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
The researcher discovered that the majority of the buildings that collapsed were built in the late 1980s, and these structures were not built with reinforced concretes, whereas those designed and built as early as the 1900s have not even shown weakness and loss of strength.
Based on that examination, the researcher attempts to establish and analyse the significance of employing reinforced concrete in today’s modern buildings in order to erect structures that can resist the test of time and withstand all of the effects against it.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The researcher’s goal is to determine the significance of employing reinforced concrete in today’s modern architecture, as well as to conduct a comparative analysis of reinforced concrete and concrete, strength, loads, and durability. The usage of reinforced concrete on buildings appears to be a characteristic of such buildings, which the researcher wishes to highlight as well.
1.Extreme relative strength
2.High tensile strain tolerance
3.Excellent bond to concrete, regardless of pH, moisture, or other variables.
4.Thermal compatibility, with no undesirable stresses caused by temperature changes.
5.Durability in the concrete environment, regardless of corrosion or long-term stress.
1.4 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Reinforced concrete (RC) is a composite material in which the relatively low tensile strength and ductility of concrete are offset by the inclusion of reinforcement with increased tensile strength and/or flexibility. The reinforcement is usually, but not always, steel reinforcing bars (rebar) that are passively implanted in the concrete before it sets.
Concrete is a composite material made up of aggregate that is joined together with a fluid cement that hardens over time. The term “concrete” is most commonly used to refer to Portland cement concrete or concretes created with other hydraulic cements, such as ciment fondu. However, road surfaces are a sort of concrete known as “asphaltic concrete,” with bitumen as the cement element.
pH: A measure of how acidic or basic water is. The scale runs from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. pHs less than 7 indicate acidity, while pHs greater than 7 imply baseness. The pH of water is a measure of the relative number of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions.
RCSD stands for Reinforced Concrete Structure Design.
Toleration: In this study, tolerance refers to how long a reinforced concrete can endure the test of time and moisture.
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