IMPACT OF INFRASTRUCTURE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA.
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IMPACT OF INFRASTRUCTURE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA.
Chapter one
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background Information.
The Nigerian government has made great efforts in recent years to not only distribute such services fairly across the country, but also to grow and improve the quality of such facilities.
The development of infrastructure facilities is currently the responsibility of the federal and state governments. However, as Stolper (1982) points out, until recently
the majority of the country’s infrastructure facilities were established, staffed, and controlled by religious organisations, private initiatives, and other voluntary agencies such as local communities, individuals, and local councils.
The fourth National Development Plan of Nigeria (1981-1985) was created to address inadequacies and imbalances in infrastructural development, with a projected capital expenditure of approximately N82.2 billion, 86% of which was to be spent on public sectors, particularly the development of various infrastructures.
This was the first time the local government exercised its powers as the third tier of government established by the constitution.
Education is recognised as crucial for the development of high-quality manpower, as evidenced by the level of governmental expenditure on institutions such as basic, secondary, and university education in Nigeria
as well as the number of scholarships available to Nigerians for education both at home and abroad. Kesside (2003) reports that the literacy rate is approximately 20% in urban areas and 2% in rural areas.
The primary goal of the federal and state governments is to lower illiteracy rates; as a result, primary, secondary, and university enrollments are rapidly increasing.
Although enrollment in other educational institutions has followed a similar trajectory. The government made education free, particularly primary school, throughout the country. The Universal Basic schooling (UBE) programme has made schooling obligatory up to the Junior Secondary Level.
1.2. The UBE Programme
The structure should focus on curriculum remodelling that is practical and child-centered, and that is quick to rejuvenate and revitalise a learner’s hope and passion for acquiring broad-based knowledge that is meaningful.
The curriculum should include methodologies that promote self-discovery and problem-solving abilities, as well as opportunities for learners to be creative. Quality and relevance are the two characteristics that curriculum development in Nigeria presently need.
Similarly, changes and innovations in our globalised school system must include the development of elastic curricula models and educational policies that emphasise interdisciplinary courses, open-ended systems, intergenerational and interprofessional relationships, multiculturalism, and sustainability.
The primary goals of Nigerian education should be a paradigm change away from theoretical and paper certification and towards the practical application of information required for future work and skill development for self-employed.
education developers should also take an interdisciplinary approach to education, particularly at the primary and junior secondary school levels. The emphasis should be on meeting society’s evolving requirements by improving understanding and implementation of new technology.
Finally, in order to teach a new curriculum at all levels of school, government-employed teachers and instructors must obtain additional training.
According to Ukpong (1979), despite Nigeria’s growing rate of power generation and consumption, per capita electricity consumption is among the lowest in Africa. In terms of per capita consumption, emerging countries consume less than 40KWH.
The importance of infrastructure and its consequences as an agent of growth and development is not a new phenomena, and it is an undeniably crucial element for economic progress. Infrastructure development entails total economic modernization, which results in significantly enhanced output and productivity.
It entails the transition from a peasant farming civilization to an industrial nation; it is a means of improving living conditions, increasing life expectancy, and lowering infant mortality. Perhaps this is why there is no agreement on the criteria for measuring infrastructure progress.
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