JUVENILE JUSTICE ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF KOGI STATE
ABSTRACT
The Juvenile Justice System is a subset of the criminal justice system. The system is expected to be child-friendly in both form and application. The need for a child-friendly justice system stems from the recognition that children are vulnerable and that subjecting a child offender to the full force of the criminal justice system will have a negative impact on both the child and society as a whole.
In Nigeria, the general criminal justice system, including juvenile justice, is retributive and punitive, in contrast to current trends that emphasize rehabilitation, reformation, and re-integration as the primary goal. Because of the value that promoting and protecting children’s rights provides to the world, children’s issues have gained global interest and attention.
As a result, juvenile justice administration is no longer solely the responsibility of national governments. As a result, the Nigerian juvenile justice system must be evaluated in light of the parameters established by the United Nations and other continental or regional organizations.
Historically, Nigeria has been at the forefront of nations dedicated to the rights and well-being of children. The Children and Young Persons Act was enacted in Nigeria in 1943, and it was later adopted in Northern Nigeria in 1958. These laws predate any international treaties on children’s rights and welfare.
Similarly, Nigeria was one of the first countries in the world to ratify the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) in 1991, and it domesticated its provisions with the passage of the Child Rights Act in 2003. This development prompted the act to be adopted as state law in some Nigerian states.
The passage of the Child Rights Act exposed the provisions of the Children and Young Persons Act to systemic weaknesses and problems, undermining its main goal and sparking a debate. In comparison to the international standards, it became clear that the legal and institutional framework involved in juvenile justice administration in
Nigeria was ineffective and severely hampered by a slew of problems and challenges. As a result, this study looked at the provisions of Nigerian juvenile justice administration laws and the institutions in charge of enforcing them in order to make the system more responsive, effective, and result-oriented.
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JUVENILE JUSTICE ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF KOGI STATE
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