ASSESSMENT OF FLOODING PROBLEMS
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ASSESSMENT OF FLOODING PROBLEMS
ABSTRACT
This study focused on assessing flooding problems in the Makoko area of Lagos state. The goal and objective were to identify and evaluate the drainage channel in the study area, the impacts of flooding in the study area, the causes of flooding in the study area, and previous efforts to alleviate flooding problems in the study area.
Both primary and secondary data sources were used, with a focus on the study area’s population to capture their perspectives on the consequences of floods on the ecosystem.
The study examines Makoko from the perspective of the residents, with the goal of determining what the residents desire, need, and would like to have in order to improve their drainage circumstances.
The study focusses entirely on the Makoko neighbourhood and the evaluation of its flooding issues. The research found that 44 (55.0%) of the respondents were under the age of 25, 20 were between the ages of 25 and 35, 12 were between the ages of 36 and 35, and 4 were over the age of 46.
The bulk of responses were under 25 years old. The drainage channel characteristics in this study revealed that the majority of the drainage was open, with only a few being closed.
Chapter one
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
A flood is the overflow of a large body of water that submerges land. Floods are among the most destructive natural disasters on the planet, killing more people and causing more property damage than any other natural phenomenon.
Although not the greatest cause of death in Lagos, flooding impacts and displaces more people than any other disaster, and it also causes more property damage. At least 20% of the population is vulnerable to some sort of flooding (Etunovbe, 2011).
Flooding, as defined by Iwena (2005), is the accumulation of an abnormally large volume of water in a region that refuses to percolate or flow away. It typically occurs when there is excessive rainfall in an area and all of the water refuses to sink into the soil but runs on the earth’s surface as floods. When such floods occur in cities, it is known as urban flooding.
According to Etuonovbe (2011), flooding can occur when water in a river overflows its banks or as a result of excessive rainfall caused by climate change. It happens unexpectedly, but with a surprise delivery that always delivers to unprepared communities such as Makoko, Ikorodu, Victoria Island, Ajegunle, and Bariga in Lagos.
The flood calamity in Makoko has put individuals and communities at risk. Flooding has recently plagued Lagos and other parts of the state, displacing residents and slowing commercial activity.
It devastated both the constructed environment and impoverished areas. It has claimed lives and caused the loss or destruction of thousands of properties.
One notable trait is that flooding does not discriminate, but rather marginalises those who refuse to prepare for its occurrence (UNHabitat, 2008).There are elements of flooding depending on the location.
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