Issues and Challenges in the Execution of Public Sector Housing Projects in Nigeria
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Issues and Challenges in the Execution of Public Sector Housing Projects in Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Earlier studies on public sector housing in Nigeria did not explicitly consider the level of execution of housing projects, despite the fact that housing policies determine the type of housing development in the country. As a result, this study looks at the many challenges that arise in Nigeria’s public sector housing programs.
A thorough analysis of the existing housing policies and projects in Nigeria was conducted. This was done in order to determine the level of implementation of housing policies, identify the many challenges impeding the attainment of the aims of public sector housing projects, and make feasible recommendations for fixing the issues.
Chapter one
Background of the study
1.1 Introduction
Housing, like food and clothing, is a basic human necessity (Aribigbola, 2006: 53). It is vital to human welfare, survival, and health (Fadamiro et al, 2004). As a result, housing is one of the most reliable markers of a person’s standard of living and social status. The location and style of home can determine or influence a man’s social position.
According to Kehinde (2010), shelter is essential for human survival. He went on to say that housing includes access to land, shelter, and the amenities needed to make the shelter useful, convenient, aesthetically pleasant, safe, and sanitary.
As a result, filthy, unhealthy, hazardous, and inadequate housing can jeopardise a person’s security, physical health, and privacy. Invariably, the housing sector’s performance is one of the yardsticks used to assess a country’s health (Amdii, 1993; Angel, 2000; Blunt and Dawling, 2006; Charles, 2003; and Sulyman, 2000).
According to the World Health Organisation (1961), a good house should include the following items:
A good rainproof roof.
Properly constructed walls and doors to prevent weather damage and animal intrusion.
Install sunshades around the house to block direct sunlight during hot weather.
Install wire netting around windows and doors to repel insects like house flies and mosquitoes.
In essence, housing quality may be determined by the physical look of the structures, the facilities supplied, the quality of the walls used in the building construction, the prominence of the roofing materials, the condition of the other structural components of the house, and the environmental condition of the house.
As a result, a lack of adequate housing in terms of both quality and quantity leads to a poor environmental standard. Mandelker and Motgomery (1973) defined housing as both a product and a process.
As a product, housing refers to the final result of construction work in terms of structure, design, space, lighting, heating, sanitary facilities, and other amenities.
Housing, on the other hand, is a multifaceted process that includes building, neighbourhood planning, urban and regional planning, and environmental management. It also include building, restoration, maintenance, and remodelling.
As a result, all of these factors have an impact on a nation’s housing supply. According to Agbola (1998), the housing delivery process includes the construction of new housing, the renovation of existing units, and the distribution of both new and existing housing to those in need.
In view of the foregoing, the study investigates the concerns and obstacles associated with the implementation of public sector housing projects in Nigeria.
1.2 Statement of Problem
The housing crisis affects both affluent and poor nations, as well as industrialised and developing ones. Certain housing issues exist all throughout the world. They include a lack of housing (qualitatively and quantitatively), homelessness, government insensitivity to the needs of the people, access to constructing land, house costs un proportion to specification and space standards, and excessive interest rates on home loans.
Poverty, rapid urbanisation, expensive building material costs, and basic building technologies are all contributing factors to Nigeria’s housing scarcity.
According to Kabir (2004), despite the federal and state governments’ efforts to provide mass housing, only the wealthy and privileged can afford it.
He proposed that the government intervene by establishing the Federal Housing Authority, the Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria, and the Ministry of Housing, Urban Development, and Environment.
Nonetheless, he stated that, despite the government’s efforts to address housing issues, the Nigerian housing situation remains in crisis, and sustainable housing delivery has been severely hampered.
1.3 Aim and Objectives
This study will look at the function of public housing projects in Lagos State, utilising Ikeja as a case study. The precise aims are:
The study aims to identify challenges in executing public housing projects in the study area, analyse government interventions for sustainable housing, assess the implementation of housing policies in Nigeria, and evaluate the government’s success in housing delivery.
1.4 Research Methodology
The data for this research will be gathered from both primary and secondary sources. The secondary source was compiled from existing literature and previous research on the subject, which included both published and unpublished materials such as textbooks, papers delivered during seminars, and other relevant publications.
Primary data will be acquired by administering a questionnaire, and all data gathered will be evaluated using simple statistical methods that turn frequency into percentages.
1.5 Scope of the Study
In order to get relevant results, a study of this sort must be conducted in multiple places throughout Nigeria. As previously stated by Ajayi (1990), the larger the scope of a study, the more generalisable the results drawn from it.
Given the study’s time frame and the researcher’s funding constraints, the study will only be conducted in Ikeja. This is to facilitate the management of data created for extensive analysis and conclusion. Ikeja is the economic hub of Lagos State, and this study will concentrate on Estate Surveyors and Valuers in the area.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study will be significant to the general public because it will help them understand why numerous housing initiatives in Nigeria have failed for one reason or another.
It will be extremely beneficial to building industry professionals, particularly Estate Surveyors and Valuers, because it will allow them to focus more on lobbying for the government’s need for sustainable home development to the general public.
Students and researchers will benefit from this study since it will serve as a foundation for the success of future research.
Meanwhile, this study tries to fill a vacuum in the literature while simultaneously making significant contributions to the current body of knowledge on public sector housing in Nigeria.
1.7 Limitations to the Study
In a study of this sort, one is sure to confront a number of obstacles in gathering the necessary data to satisfy the desired standard. Of course, the research used both primary and secondary data, but there were certain issues encountered.
These include budgetary and timing restrictions. Other major concerns that cannot be overstated include the high expense of transportation incurred while collecting data.
1.8 Definition of Terms
1.8.1 PUBLIC HOUSING: Public housing is a type of housing supply that emphasises the role of the government and its agencies in assisting with housing, notably for the poor, low-income, and more vulnerable segments in society.
Public housing has been one of the most significant answers to the global housing crisis, taking various forms in different geographical circumstances.
Other descriptive names are frequently used in its place, such as social housing, state housing, state-sponsored housing, welfare housing, non-profit housing, low-cost housing, affordable housing, and mass housing.
1.8.2 PUBLIC SECTOR: The public sector is the portion of the economy responsible for providing various governmental services. The public sector’s composition varies by country, but in most countries, it includes services such as the military, police, infrastructure (public roads, bridges, tunnels, water supply, sewers, electrical grids, telecommunications, etc.), public transit, public education, health care, and those working for the government, such as elected officials.
The public sector may provide services that a non-payer cannot be excluded from (for example, street lighting), services that benefit society as a whole rather than just the individual who uses them.
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