Project Materials

ANALYSIS OF MICROBIAL LOAD OF THE ENUGU MAIN WATER PRODUCTION AND WATER AVAILABLE

ABSTRACT

Water samples from several dormitories on campus II, as well as other sources of water production such as Ajali-owa water from bore hole 9th mile and spring water from the GRA water board, were collected and analysed using total plate count and multiple tube fermentation techniques coliform. The results show no coliforms in production water from Ajali-owa and in GRA spring water reserve, no coliforms in 9th mile bore hole water, 14 organisms and 149 cfu/ml plate counts from tap water in IMT campus II hostel, 7 coliform and Tocful / ml plate count from well water, and 28 coliform and 280 cfu/ml plate count from spillage waste water. The data obtained demonstrate that the tap water used on IMT campus II does not fulfil NAFDAC or WHO requirements. Preventive measures, such as adequate water treatment, should be encouraged, and all pipes on Campus II should be inspected for leaks.

Chapter one

INTRODUCTION

Water is a type of mineral that exists in liquid form. It consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Water is a tasteless, odourless, and colourless mobile liquid, except in vast quantities where it appears blue. It melts at OoC (320f) and boils at 1000C (2120f). Water is a vital need of life; without it, higher creatures can only survive for a few hours or days.

It has a variety of applications, including washing, cooking, food processing, and swimming, among others. Drinking water appears to be the most sensitive of these applications, as it has the potential to have a direct negative impact on human health. As a result, drinking water should be potable and devoid of illness or hazardous substances (Beren 1991).

Water is portable when it is colourless. Odourless or tasteless, and free of toxic, corrosive, and staining compounds, as well as disease-causing organisms (Cruich 1972). The issue of supplying clean and abundant water has existed since the beginning of time.

Water can become unfit or harmful to drink if it is contaminated by nature or human actions. The most serious risk to drinking water is pollution by human waste (Forest 1979). In most circumstances, the pollution/contamination is little and does not pose a significant risk to health.

As a result, a few harmful compounds and microorganisms exist in water, which can cause illness or even death. Microbiologically, the pathogens most commonly transmitted by water supplies range from ultrasmall viruses to microspic bacteria and rather large cysts such as Entemoeba instolytica.

These organisms cause intestinal tract infections when consumed, and Gardia lamblia is a protozoa that causes Giadiasis. Defective plumbing, for example, was the source of an outbreak at the 1933 World’s Fair in Chicago (Garelick 1987).

Waterborne diseases produce acute diarrhoea, which can linger for 2-3 months. The most frequent waterborne diseases caused by germs are typhoid fever and paratyphoid. Asiatic cholera and Bacterial dysentery.

Other diseases that can be transmitted through water include brucellosis and shige/losis, which are consuming. Untreated water (Hetolett 1921) Various countries throughout the world, as well as the World Health Organisation (WHO), have established water quality standards against which pollution levels can be tested.

The World Health Organization’s (WHO) National Agency for Food and Drug Administration Control (NAFDAC) standard for drinkable water includes the following: no coliform bacteria in 100ml of water, and a total plate count of bacteria growth of 100 CFU/ML of water.

Thus, the hygienic quality of water should not be overlooked, as contaminated water might pose health risks when eaten.

1.1 Aims and Objectives of The Study

The goal of this study is to do a comparative analysis of Enugu state water cooperation provision against supplies.

To identify microbiological contamination and provide advise on how to control water pollution, among other things.

1.2 Statement of Problem

The treated water provided by Enugu State Water Cooperation may be contaminated by inadequate plumbing, which causes a rush of water out of the pipe, resulting in a draw mixed with sewage debris.

The draw finally sucked back through the ruptured pipe and into the pipe line, where it was distributed to various locations and collected for drinking water.

1.3 Hypothesis.

Ho: There is a discrepancy in the microbiological load of water from Enugu state water operations at the site of production compared to the load at the points of supply and consumption.

Hi: There are statistical disparities between the microbiological load of water produced by the Enugu State Water Co-operation and the load supplied and consumed.

1.4 SCOPE OF LIMITATION

The project’s goal is to identify only microbial pollutants, hence the microbial analysis approach is confined to the techniques and materials available in our laboratory, as opposed to high-tech equipment found elsewhere.