Project Materials

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THREE TYPES OF MEDICATED SOAPS ON STARHYROCOCCUS AUREUS FORM WOULD INFECTIONS

Chapter one

INTRODUCTION

According to Pelage et al. (1986), antibacterial activity is the ability to destroy or limit bacterial development. This is significant for the human body in terms of preventing sepsis and skin infections.

According to Derland (1981), medicated soap contains germicidal substances such as chloroxyhlenol, potassium mercuric iodide, trichlorocarbanlide, and so on, which enhances its antibacterial activity.

These germicide substances are typically put in a specific proportion, and the percentage of the ingredient used is always listed on the soapcase or within the lesflet, which contains instructions on how to use the soap for various reasons.

According to Anon (1964), soap is a chemical molecule formed by the interaction of fatty acids, oil, and caustic soda (alkali) that has the soap-like properties of detergents, including surface tension reduction, wetting and emulsifying ability, and gel formation. All fatty oils and fats.

Are mixes of glycoside molecules (erters) of trihydric alcohol, glycosides, and certain fatty acids such plasmatic acid. The chemistry of soap manufacture can be represented using the following equation, known as saponification (Anon (1964). HzCocoG5H31)3 + Na 0H Naoco15H31 (zH31+c3H5(oH)3) Palliation caustic sodium palurate glucose Soda.

According to Amon (1964), a bactericidal soap contains between 0.1 and 3% of the soap’s total weight. 0 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the soap in a molecule with the formula R-Co-N1-CH2C00H CH3.

Here, R denotes an alkyl or alkenye group with 8 to carbon atoms. Antibacterial soap may contain 2,4,4,trichloro 2,2 hydroxydiphenyl in amounts ranging from 0.05 to 5% by weight, as well as at least one phosphorus oxyacid, per Johnson (1978). Phosphorus oxyacid salt phosphoric ester is represented by (R1)(oCH,CH2)R2.

R1 is an alkyl (8-20), whereas R2 is hydrogen or methyl (1-10). R1 belongs to the same group as R2 or H alkali metal, and n represents H or alkali metal. Such a soap has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity and is highly resistant to discolouration when exposed to sunlight (Kaw,1981).

Another invention relates to an autimicrobial composition comprising of ammoniated zinc sulphate, optionally manufactured into adequate formulation and toilet bars.

Medicated soaps contain germicidal agents such as hexachlorophene, mercuric chloride, trichoran, and trichlorocarbaucide.

Sykes (1958) defined sterilisation as the total eradication of all living things. In medical terminology, it is frequently used in a narrow meaning to refer to the eradication of harmful organisms solely.

According to William (1979), a wound is defined as a disturbance of cellular and anatomic continuity, and healing is the restoration of continuity.

That biological process can only be accomplished through regeneration, cell proliferation, and collage production, which can be alleviated by washing the would surface, particularly with medicated soap, which, due to its combination of pherolic compounds, helps to keep organisms like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at bay until a certain stage.

Wounds can also occur when the skin’s operational barrier is compromised by traumatic invasion, whether induced by trauma or overseas surgery.

The open area is prone to microbial invasion, and if a wound becomes infected, pus forms in the wounded area, resulting in wound abscess.