ASPECTS THAT AFFECT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION
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ASPECTS THAT AFFECT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 THE STUDY’S BACKGROUND
The Universal Basic Education (UBE) initiative is a broader and more ambitious concept than the Universal Primary Education (UPE) programme. The Universal Basic Education is intended to have a greater impact on Nigerians’ lives than the Universal Primary Education.
Despite the fact that Universal Basic Education is a programme.It is also an educational course for the acquisition of functional literacy and skills, the type of education that will instill a sense of the need for unity in Nigeria (Dike 2000).
On September 30, 1999, President Olusegun Obasanjo formally started Universal Basic Education in Nigeria. The programme is meant to be ubiquitous, free, and mandatory. Since the advent of western education in 1842 (Eya 2000), Nigerian regions, states, and the federal government have taken an active interest in education.
The program’s purpose is to provide functional universal and high-quality education to all Nigerians, regardless of age, gender, race, region, occupation, or location.The federal government of Nigeria defines primary education as education provided at a school for children aged 6 to 11 years old.
It goes on to state that because the whole of the educational system is based on it. The primary level is critical to the overall success or failure of the educational system. The term will be six years (FRN 2004).
Following the inauguration of Universal Basic Education in 1999 by then-President Olusegun Obasanjo, its aims include the following:
i. Encouragement of growth and development
ii. Improving the quality of education for all citizens
iii. Addressing the implementation of educational programmes aimed at achieving the notable objectives outlined in the national education policy (Ekere Felix 2000).
It is crucial to highlight that some of the issues that contributed to the failure of universal education to meet its goals when it was started in 1976 are still present in the implementation of the universal basic education programme.
Such issues mostly include financing and infrastructure, such as laboratories, classrooms, furniture, and furnishings, which are still insufficient in Nigerian primary schools (I. A. Ajayi 2007).
However, the recent relaunch of a similar programme – the Universal Basic Education Scheme – would suggest that after the failure of the previous programme – the Universal Primary Education Scheme – and after a careful analysis of the factors that caused the earlier scheme’s failure, a more careful planning would have occurred. (Ayeni 2000).
Primary education is the first formal education that an individual receives. It is thought to be the foundation for any other sort of education to which the individual may be exposed.
The implementation of Universal Basic Education has begun, with scholars looking at each level; this study is thus interested in discovering the implementation process in Abeokuta South Local Government Area of Ogun State.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Over the years, the execution of the basic education programme in Nigeria has faced numerous challenges, and it appears that the problem of the Nigeria educational programme does not necessarily rest with proper information and policies, but rather with the program’s effective implementation.
The Universal Primary Education (UPE) programme, which was one of the basic education programmes introduced in the country in the past, appears to have failed due to a number of factors, including a lack of funds, a lack of trained teachers, a lack of infrastructural facilities, poor programme supervision, and insufficient instructional materials, among others.
There appear to be numerous impediments to the current Universal Basic Education (UBE) elementary school curriculum in Nigeria, particularly in the Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu State. Most UBE primary schools are plagued by overcrowded classrooms, limited funding for school activities, insufficient infrastructural facilities, a lack of a functional library, insufficient instructional materials, and poor supervision and monitoring of the school programme, among other issues. All of these are obstacles to the proper execution of the UBE programme in Nigeria.
1.3 QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH
i. What exactly is Universal Basic Education?
ii. What is the significance of Universal Basic Education?
iii. How far has the Universal Basic Education Programme progressed in its implementation?
iv. What steps must Universal Basic Education take in order for it to be implemented successfully?
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
This research will concentrate on
i. The definition of Universal Basic Education
ii. The Importance of Universal Primary Education
iii. Introduction of Universal Basic Education
iii. Measures to ensure the successful implementation of the Universal Basic Education Programme.
1.5 THE STUDY’S SIGNIFICANCE
The study will determine which of these will benefit from the adoption of Universal Basic Education.
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