ASSESSMENT OF GOVERNMENT COUNTER-TERRORISM STRATEGY IN NIGERIAN INTERNAL SECURITY (2009 – 2013)
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ASSESSMENT OF GOVERNMENT COUNTER-TERRORISM STRATEGY IN NIGERIAN INTERNAL SECURITY (2009 – 2013)
ABSTRACT
The paper evaluates the government’s counter-terrorism strategy in Nigeria’s internal security from 2009 to 2013. Aside from the issues of poverty, unemployment, sectarian conflict, economic and political instability,
and Niger Delta militancy, Nigeria is currently confronting a more serious and pervasive threat of terrorism, particularly in the country’s northeast.
Kidnapping, bombing, and sporadic attacks by gunmen on churches, mosques, public places, police stations, schools, and prisons in Bauchi, Bornu, Yobe, and Adamawa states are among the distressing developments. Other sections of the country were not spared, including the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Plateau, Kaduna, and Kano.
The government’s approach for reducing militancy in the Niger Delta has failed in the current circumstances. This report evaluates the government’s counter-terrorism policy for Nigeria’s internal security. This study examines the origins of terrorism, Nigeria’s counter-terrorism methods, their effectiveness, problems, and potential remedies.
Relevant and related literature were examined utilising conceptual, thematic, and theoretical approaches. The phenomenon was explained using public policy and a Neorealist theoretical framework. Data was gathered from informants knowledgeable about the research issue and supplemented with secondary data from library materials, newspapers, journals, and articles.
The findings found that the method employed to combat militancy in Nigeria’s Niger Delta region failed to address terrorism in the North East region due to terrorism’s international dimension and religious connotations.
The study also found that government initiatives failed because they did not address socioeconomic conditions that produced fertile ground for terrorism, such as unemployment, poverty, corruption, and a bad economy.
The study concluded by recommending the implementation of a strategy centred on deradicalization and the implementation of effective psychological reinforcement measures to deter terrorists from engaging in the act, just as the fear of the impact of the atomic bomb in Japan ended World War II.
The study also suggests that the government should prioritise excellent governance, job creation and employment possibilities, poverty reduction, welfare, and the provision of current equipment for military and other security agents, as well as effective border patrol.
Chapter One:
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background for the study
Since the return to democratic rule in 1999, Nigeria has seen a wave of ethno-religious and resource-based violence that has taken on a terror dimension and challenged the country’s internal security.
Terrorism, whether international or internal, has increased insecurity in Nigeria. While the country was still dealing with the consequences of crimes like armed robbery, murder, kidnapping, and assassination, domestic terrorism emerged.
In Nigeria, terrorist groups such as Boko Haram and Jama’atu Ansarul Musilimina Fi Biladis Sudan (ANSARU) have become affiliated with international terrorist organisations such as Al-Qaeda and Al-Qaeda in Islamic Maghreb.
They now attack with more precision, typically more destructive and widespread. This link also resulted in the introduction of suicide bombing, the use of Improvised Explosive Devices (IED), the deployment of highly sophisticated weapons, and modern battle equipment unfamiliar to Nigerian military and security agents.
Since 2009, Nigeria’s counterterrorism activities have been at a crossroads due to many challenges, including policy discussions on whether to pursue a counterterrorism strategy.
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