Challenges Of Health Appraisal Services
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Challenges Of Health Appraisal Services
Chapter one
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of Study
In Nigeria, the national government prioritises the provision of health services to its citizens. Every year, large sums of money are allocated to the health sector. A lot of work is being put into combating childhood ailments.
As a result, the national government provides significant funding for the National Programme on Immunisation (NPI), which immunises against dangerous infectious illnesses.
The national government’s emphasis on children is logical given that today’s children will be the adults of tomorrow, and a healthy populace is an asset to the country. Today, the majority of these children are of primary school age, and many of them have free access to education (UNICEF Nigeria, 2004).
Health experts, educators, and social workers believe that providing school health services is a cost-effective strategy to satisfy children’s health needs (Nakajima, 1992).
As a result, it is a welcome development that the Nigerian government has created particular provisions for providing health services in all federation schools, as stated in its policy paper (Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1998).
The term “school health services” refers to the healthcare delivery system that operates within a school or institution. The programs seek to promote and preserve schoolchildren’s health in order to provide them with a healthy start in life.
Furthermore, the programs aim to help youngsters get the most out of their educational experiences (Okafor, 1991; Ezedum, 2003). Health evaluation is a critical component of health care. Ogbuji (2003) defines health assessment as the element of health services concerned with objectively evaluating an individual’s health.
Health appraisal is divided into three distinct tasks, each of which is linked to the others. The tasks are health observation (physical inspection of children’s physiology and behaviour), health examination (screening tests or medical diagnoses), and health records.
Health evaluation benefits the school health programme in a variety of ways. First, it allows school officials to detect indications and symptoms of common ailments, as well as evidence of mental problems that may interfere with schoolchildren’s learning activities.
Furthermore, health appraisal assists in informing parents and school officials about the health state of schoolchildren (Cornacchia, Olsen, & Nickerson, 1991).
1.2 Statement of Research Problem
There have been initiatives to investigate the provision of school health services in Nigerian schools in order to determine whether the lofty aspirations that inspired their establishment are being realised. The status of school health services is often measured by a review of the health appraisal services supplied.
This is understandable, as appraisal or diagnosis comes before prescription or therapy. In their research, (Nwana, 1982, 1988, Imoge 1987, Okafor 1991) discovered widespread shortcomings in the provision of school health services in both elementary and secondary schools.
This is not the case with Guyuk L.G.A; some of the problems found that may be affecting the flexibility in the distribution of health appraisal services in this area could be as a result of:
1. Lack of good roads.
2. Poor infrastructure, and
3. High levels of illiteracy.
1.3 Aims and Objectives of the Study
The fundamental goal of this study is to identify the obstacles of health appraisal services in some selected primary schools in Guyuk L.G.A. Other specific objectives of the study include:
1. To determine the status of health observation services offered for primary school pupils in Guyuk LGA in Adamawa state.
2. To determine the status of health examination services offered for primary school pupils in Guyuk LGA in Adamawa state.
3. To determine the status of record keeping of health histories of primary school pupils in Guyuk LGA of Adamawa state.
4. to provide solutions to the aforementioned difficulties.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The study developed research questions to determine the study’s above-stated aims. The research questions for the project are as follows:
1. What is the current situation of health observation services for primary school pupils in Guyuk L.G.A, Adamawa state?
2. What is the current state of health checkup services for primary school pupils in Guyuk L.G.A., Adamawa state?
3. What is the current state of health history records for primary school pupils in Guyuk L.G.A., Adamawa state?
1.5 Statement of Research Hypothesis
Hypothesis 1.
H0: health appraisal services in some selected elementary schools in Guyuk LGA is ineffective.
H1: health appraisal services in some selected elementary schools in Guyuk LGA are effective.
1.6 Significance of the Study
The study on the challenges of health appraisal services in some selected primary schools will be extremely beneficial to the entire Guyuk L.G.A., the State, the federal government, and other researchers who wish to conduct similar research on the above topic
As the study’s findings will educate the above population on health appraisal services, the challenges faced by Nigerian health centres, and the way forward. Finally, the study will add to the body of existing literature and expertise in this field of study and serve as a foundation for additional research.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study on the problems of health appraisal services in some selected primary schools is limited to three (3) primary schools in Adamawa State’s Guyuk LGA.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
Financial constraints- Insufficient funds tend to restrict the researcher’s efficiency in accessing relevant resources, literature, or information, as well as in data collecting (internet, questionnaire, and interview).
Time constraints: The researcher will conduct this investigation while also working on other academic projects. This will reduce the time spent on research work.
1.9 Definition of Terms
Health assessment refers to a series of methods used to assess or determine the health state of pupils through the use of teacher observations, screening tests, health histories or medical records, medical and dental exams, and psychological tests.
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