Characteristics of Solid Waste in Akure, Ondo State
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Characteristics of Solid Waste in Akure, Ondo State
ABSTRACT
This study looks at the characteristics of solid waste in Akure, Ondo State. Specifically, the study examines the nature and composition of solid wastes in Akure, Ondo State, examines the types of containers used in the collection of solid wastes in Akure, Ondo State, identifies the available waste disposal methods within Akure, Ondo State, determines whether Akure residents in Ondo State dispose of their solid wastes on a regular basis, examines the efforts of the Ondo State government to reduce solid wastes in Akure, finds The study adopts a survey-based descriptive research design.
The survey generated a total of 259 valid replies. The study follows the learning theory. According to the replies collected and evaluated, the nature and composition of solid wastes in Akure, Ondo State include vegetable and food remnants, polythene bags, plastics, metal waste, and paper garbage. Furthermore, the statistics show that Akure people in Ondo State regularly dispose of their solid trash.
The study concludes that managing urban solid waste is an important social function for environmental and public health protection. As a result, funds should be directed to the least expensive and most appropriate technology solution for risk-free management.
Chapter one
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Solid waste is one of the most demanding environmental sanitation issues facing the world today, and despite significant industry investments, it has constantly declined (African Union 2015).
In today’s environment, many products are designed to be used once and then discarded. Many of our customers’ habits are shaped by single-use packaging and disposable products. Negm and Shareef (2020) argue that waste problems are a manifestation of society.
The economic, historical, cultural, and environmental factors of a society strongly influence its state. These variables differ by country, city, or community, just as waste concerns do.
Understanding a civilization’s status leads to a better understanding of its waste issues. In contrast, studying a civilization’s waste problems allows us to estimate its condition (Negm & Shareef, 2020).
Waste management issues are always increasing. Solid waste management (SWM) is a global pressing issue, particularly in developing countries, due to its severe environmental repercussions (Zainu & Songip 2017). Solid waste generation is a serious environmental issue in poorer countries, as well as a major source of concern in wealthy ones, due to the environmental difficulties caused by poor management and disposal.
Globally, solid waste production is mostly driven by population growth, technological developments, and economic growth. As new subdivisions are built, urbanisation has resulted in an increase in rubbish generation from residential sites, private and public utility facilities, and construction and demolition operations.
In recent years, researchers in both wealthy and developing countries have expressed an interest in this topic. However, while waste generation in the developed world is effectively managed through the implementation of consistent waste policies, waste generation in developing countries of the global south, particularly Nigeria, is not managed effectively due to the lack of effective implementation of consistent waste policy. This has made solid waste management the most pressing environmental concern in Nigerian cities.
According to Ikott (2022), solid waste management has become one of the most onerous challenges for Nigerian state and local governments’ environmental protection organisations. The volume of solid trash generated continues to grow faster than the agencies’ ability to raise the necessary financial and technical resources.
Solid waste management in Nigeria is defined by ineffective collection procedures, inadequate coverage of the collection system, and poor solid waste disposal practices.
The volume of solid trash generated in industrialised nations’ metropolitan centres exceeds that of developing nations, yet solid waste management in the latter remains poor (Katiyar, 2016).
Solid waste differs between developing and developed countries. Most developing countries, including Nigeria, face solid waste management challenges that differ from those in developed countries in terms of composition, density, political and economic framework, trash quantity, garbage collection availability, awareness, and attitude.
Emerging cities produce heavier, wetter, and more caustic waste than industrialised places.
The focus has previously been on the technical elements of various collection and disposal systems (World Bank, 2020), but more recently, the emphasis has switched to growing institutional arrangements for service delivery, with a particular emphasis on privatisation (Ikott, 2022). Currently, Nigeria is experimenting with privatising this industry.
The National Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management Intervention Programme has been implemented in seven Nigerian cities by the federal government. Maiduguri, Kano, Kaduna, Onitsha, Uyo, Ota, and Lagos comprise the seven cities. Several state governments have established solid waste management organisations and legislation to encourage private sector engagement in rubbish collection and transfer to licensed landfills.
Statement of the Problem
Numerous connoisseurs from various developing country towns have expressed serious concerns regarding inadequate trash treatment and disposal in these countries (Zainu & Songip 2017).
In most developing countries, local governments are in charge of managing solid waste. These services include garbage collection (from homes or district collection centres) and disposal.
In most cases, these local governments can only provide a limited service due to insufficient financial resources and human resource capabilities (Setiawan, Djunaidi, Munawir, and Putra 2019).
According to Adewumi (2017), Nigeria, like other emerging nations, is seeing extraordinary growth in metropolitan areas. This growth rate is among the highest in the world, exceeding 6.5 percent annually.
This growth rate affects all economical and cultural aspects of people’s lives. Among the effects are strains on urban infrastructure, bad living conditions, unemployment, crime and violence, traffic congestion, and environmental difficulties.
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