COVID 19 PROTOCOLS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL AND CLASS SIZE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Recent outbreaks of the Coronavirus pandemic have widened worldwide schooling disparities. Even though the Coronavirus pandemic is new, it is already having negative consequences for civilization. The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused educational disruptions and global health problems that have been challenging for global health systems to address.
Currently, no nation or race in the globe is immune to the coronavirus pandemic, and the entire planet appears to be overwhelmed by the pace of the virus’s spread and its terrible effects. The coronavirus pandemic has no bounds, and its impact is both widespread and rapid. Within a few months of the disease’s breakout, billions of people were forced to “remain at home,” “observe self-isolation,” and work and study at home. It has restricted people’s freedom to migrate, trade, and interact.
Not only has COVID-19 created a global lockdown in a number of countries, but it has also killed thousands of people, especially women and the elderly. More worrying was the fact that data from other continents, including America, Africa, Asia, and Europe, suggested a daily increase in the number of new COVID-19 cases and deaths. As of April 2020, the global incidence of COVID-19 has topped one million cases, with over 220,000 deaths.
In addition to being alarming, the fact that the United States documented more than 2,000 COVID-19 deaths in a single day despite the country’s tremendous commitment to combating the disease was scary. There were no immediate remedies to the rising incidence of Coronavirus-related deaths. The disease showed no signs of halting its global spread. President Donald Trump invoked the “Defense Production Act” in response to the COVID-19 outbreak.
The government recently declared a national emergency due to the increasing number of new cases of Coronavirus (Priscillia, 2020). The U.S. government also negotiated with the parliament to adopt a stimulus plan worth more than two trillion dollars to combat the Coronavirus pandemic and provide aid to residents and companies impacted by the epidemic. Similar measures were also taken in numerous other nations, notably Germany, where 810 billion US dollars were set aside to contain the pandemic’s impacts, despite the rapid global spread of the virus.
The outbreak of COVID-19 affected all human activities worldwide, including education, research, sports, entertainment, transportation, religion, social gatherings/interactions, the economy, and enterprises. Indeed, the entire world was in agony due to COVID-19 threats, the reality of the situation was difficult to take, and the education sector continues to be among the hardest-hit by the Coronavirus epidemic.
Certain agents and chemicals used to limit and prevent the spread of Covid 19 include:
Face mask Hand disinfectant
Hand gloves
Solid antibacterial antiseptic soap
Alcohol – gel
1.2 Description of the Problem
In addition to affecting students, instructors, and families, the institution closures have far-reaching economic and societal effects. In reaction to school closures, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) suggested that schools and teachers use open educational applications and platforms and distance learning programs to reach students remotely and minimize disruptions to education.
According to UNESCO monitoring as of July 7, 2020, around 1,067,590,512 students have been impacted by school closures in response to the epidemic; 110 countries have enacted nationwide closures, affecting approximately 61% of the global student population. Several additional nations have imposed localized closures affecting millions of students.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic closure, about eighty-seven lakh pupils from preprimary to tertiary education levels [ISCED levels 0 to 8] are affected in Nepal alone. Although it is difficult to anticipate how the pandemic will progress, there is a possibility that physical distance constraints would be stretched.
According to the United Nations, 166 nations shuttered schools and colleges to prevent the spread of the coronavirus, which infected around 1.5 billion children and adolescents, or 87 percent of the enrolled population.
In Southeast Asia, as in many other developing regions, a significant portion of the population lacks Internet and electronic device access. And even those with Internet access encounter infrastructure disparities. The infrastructure gap is evident in a number of ways, including the disparity in Internet speeds between locations. People in city centers typically have access to Internet speeds that are substantially faster than those in less developed locations.
In 2019, there was a total of 821,249 Internet subscribers in Nigeria, according to sources. According to Worldometer, the country has a population of 29,086,128 as of 2020, and not all pupils have access to high-speed internet. Even individuals with high bandwidth internet are experiencing service interruptions or slowdowns as a result of high collective usage as more people use the internet to work, socialize, and amuse themselves during the lockdown. While mobile data packages are comparatively speedier, they are also significantly more expensive for students to pay on a regular basis.
Limiting class size and requiring the use of facemasks and hand sanitizers are international covid 19 preventive practices. This study will focus on class size and Covid 19 prevention methods in Kaura Ward, Zaria Local Government Area, Kaduna State, public primary schools.
1.3 Aim of the Research
To investigate the impact of class size on the prevention of Covid 19 in elementary schools.
Examine the effectiveness of hand-washing in preventing the spread of Covid 19 in elementary schools.
Examine the effectiveness of face masks in preventing the spread of Covid 19 in elementary schools.
To investigate the impact of hand washing on the prevention of Covid 19 in elementary schools.
1.4 Research Concerns
How does class size affect the prevention of Covid 19 in elementary schools?
What effect does hand-washing have on the prevention of Covid 19 in elementary schools?
What effect do face masks have on the prevention of Covid 19 in elementary schools?
How does hand washing affect the prevention of Covid 19 in elementary schools?
1.4 Importance of the Research
The COVID-19 virus affects individuals in various ways. The majority of infected individuals with COVID-19 will experience mild to moderate symptoms and recover without additional treatment. Those with preexisting medical issues and those over the age of 60 are at a greater risk of developing severe diseases and dying.
The purpose of this study is to increase students’ awareness of the usefulness of classroom limits, face masks, and hand sanitizer in Kaura Ward, Zaria Local Government Area, Kaduna State.
1.6 Range of the Research
This study is confined to the effectiveness of classroom restrictions, face masks, and hand sanitizer in preventing Covid19 in Kaura Ward of Zaria Local Government Area, Kaduna State, public elementary schools.
1.7 LIMITATIONS OF EXAMINATION
The study was confronted with a number of obstacles, the most significant of which are as follows:
Time: The researcher did not have sufficient time to conduct this investigation alongside other academic obligations. Traveling to locations where data and information pertinent to the study may be acquired was time-consuming.
Finances: The cost of data gathering, analysis, and interpretation is substantial. The researcher is financially constrained. Due to this limitation, the researcher had to select primary schools in Zaria’s Kaura Ward.
The viewpoint of Respondents: Some responders had a lackluster attitude toward the study. This is because there was no monetary incentive attached. Several others suppressed specific details for reasons of secrecy.
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COVID 19 PROTOCOLS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL AND CLASS SIZE