DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF FOUR-WAY TRAFFIC LIGHT
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DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF FOUR-WAY TRAFFIC LIGHT
ABSTRACT
The project “microcontroller-based intelligent traffic light system with automatic street light and warning light” was created to address the country’s traffic difficulties and to create a near-perfect automatic traffic control and monitoring system.
Intelligent traffic light with autonomous street light and warning light is a complicated microcontroller-based project meant to control traffic on a four-way road network.
The system contains sensors that automatically recognise traffic lanes and traffic-free lanes. The controlling system makes its choice based on the sensor input.
Nonetheless, the system includes an automatic street light controller that turns on the street lights when it is dark and turns them off when the weather is bright. Furthermore, the warning light blinks before changing states (for example, from halt to ready or go).
In this design, we have emphasised the utilisation of both hardware and software to complete the job. The physical components are completely managed by the AT89S51 microcontroller chip, which is programmed using the programming language.
INTRODUCTION IN CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION:
The project “microcontroller-based intelligent traffic light system with automatic street light and warning light” was created to address the country’s traffic difficulties and to create a near-perfect automatic traffic control and monitoring system.
Every final year Computer Engineering student is required to complete a project work related to this course of study in the second semester of their final year.
I’ve always been intrigued by the concept of microcontroller-based projects, and the necessity of a project work in partial fulfilment of the award of a bachelor’s degree in Computer Engineering provided me with an excellent opportunity to undertake some work in this area of interest.
1.1 Objectives Of The Project
Intelligent traffic light with autonomous street light and warning light is a complicated microcontroller-based project meant to control traffic on a four-way road network.
The system contains sensors that automatically recognise traffic lanes and traffic-free lanes. The controlling system makes its choice based on the sensor input.
Nonetheless, the system includes an automatic street light controller that turns on the street lights when it is dark and turns them off when the weather is bright. Furthermore, the warning light blinks before changing states (for example, from halt to ready or go).
In this design, we have emphasised the utilisation of both hardware and software to complete the job. The physical components are completely managed by the AT89S51 microcontroller chip, which is programmed using the programming language.
1.2 Justification Of The Project
This project provides a long-term answer to a vexing traffic control challenge. The technology monitors the lanes to determine which are congested and which are not, and then makes judgements.
The lanes with no traffic will not be allowed to pass until the sensor detects a backlog. When properly designed, this system will function with the dexterity of a human warden, if not more.
An automated dark actuated switch is also integrated in the system, which monitors the light levels to determine when to turn on and off the street lights.
1.3Purpose Of The Project
The system is comprised of numerous subsections that collaborate in a complicated manner to monitor traffic levels on four lanes in order to handle such traffic with dexterity and absolute precision.
These subsystems are linked by a microcontroller. The AT89S51 microcontroller is an enhanced variant of the 8051.
1.4 Limitations
The main issue was finding colour bulbs that would work with the model. The standard light emitting diodes are too small for the design, and the coloured A.C bulbs are too large for such a design,
so I had to align six 10mm light emitting diodes to serve as a display for each of the twelve displays was dim, so I had to use an NPN transistor to switch each set of the LEDs rather than switching them directly from the microcontroller.
Furthermore, programming the microcontroller was a significant limitation. The buffer (74LS154) could only be obtained through Lagos sources, not to mention the street involved in honing my understanding of the C programming language.
ORGANISATION OF PROJECT REPORTS
The project report is nicely organised and covers a wide range of topics. It includes all of the actions experienced during the research process.
The first chapter is an introductory chapter that includes the backdrop, project objectives, project justification, project scope, constraints, and stage block diagram overview.
The second chapter contains reviews of the literature.
The third chapter delves deeply into system analysis and design.
The fourth chapter covers system implementation, which includes the component layout, wire schedule, wiring diagram, and complete schematic diagram.
The fifth chapter discusses project design testing and integration.
The sixth chapter is a summary and conclusion that provides a summary of accomplishments, difficulties found during project design, recommendations, and suggestions for future improvement.
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