DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC OF EXPERT SYSTEM
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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC OF EXPERT SYSTEM
1.0 Introduction
A computer is a digital electronic machine that can accept input data, process it, and output information. The computer is a useful tool for analysing any subject that needs to be coded.
However, before a computer can be successfully programmed and used, it must be researched. Thus, “computer science,” which is the study of computers and their programming, is primarily concerned with the design, analysis, modelling, and implementation of computer-related systems.
1.1 Background of the Study
Computer science has permitted the development of expert systems, which have increased human performance in their respective fields of life.
The development of expert systems that capture the talents and competence of a human expert has not been easy, dating back to World War II, when computer experts worked tirelessly to establish techniques or systems that would allow them to operate more intelligently than humans.
However, expert systems have recently demonstrated their utility by assisting medical professionals in detecting diseases and scheduling tasks, as well as mechanics in troubleshooting locomotive difficulties and setting complex computer technology.
As a result, this project uses the skills of system experts to create an expert system on malaria diagnostics that will assist medical professionals or personnel (e.g., doctors, paramedics) in diagnosing malaria and its related symptoms.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Historically, diagnosis has been plagued by various difficulties depending on the existing manual process:
Patient files and records are not kept correctly.
Drugs are rarely prescribed based on the patient’s age.
Errors are easily made and rarely caught.
Information is not well-maintained.
1.3 Object of the Study
This work-study will make every effort to fulfil the following objectives.
To contribute to the fight against malaria, particularly in Africa and around the world.
Assessing the contributions of an expert system in medicine.
iii. To inform medical practitioners that they can benefit from a productive cooperation with computer systems.
Flexible and generally easy to maintain systems.
Quality is improved by offering a consistent supply of dependable expert guidance.
It lowers waste in terms of time and human resources.
vii. The confinement of medical diagnostics by substituting software systems for qualified personnel to aid in support.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The importance of expert systems in the diagnosis of malaria is too numerous to name, but a few have been highlighted below:
It takes a long time to train medical experts to recognise malaria symptoms and administer the appropriate drugs;
however, with the proposed new system, all that is required is the ability to operate the new system, which requires entering patients’ information and symptoms into the system, and the system returns the type of malaria and the drugs to combat it.
iii. Consistent solution: Computers lack some of the flaws of humans, such as fatigue or illness, and they are more conveniently accessible than human experts.
More time to review choice results: The expert system provides advice rapidly, giving you more time to consider the different outcomes before taking action.
Human expert development is an ongoing process, whereas an expert system is established once and regularly updated with new technology.
1.5 Scope of the Study
The expert system on malaria diagnostic is software meant to help doctors and medical professionals diagnose and prescribe various malaria-related ailments.
This system will replicate expert reasoning while taking into account clinical signs and test results. It generates proper therapy, guidance, and prescriptions for possible medications.
An example of an illness is shown below.
1.6 Definition of Terms
Diagnostic: This is connected with diagnosis; it can be defined as a disease’s characteristic or indication.
A.I.: Known in full as artificial intelligence, it is a discipline of computer science concerned with building computer programmes capable of creative problem solving.
Paramedics: A person trained to help medical experts and provide emergency medical care.
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by sporozoan parasites transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito; it is characterised by paroxysms of chills and fever.
A hospital is a medical establishment in which sick or injured people get medical or surgical care.
Medication is the act of treating using medications or treatments.
Physician: A licenced medical practitioner.
Ailment: An typically persistent bodily illness or sickness; a source of complaint.
Software: These written programmes, procedures, or rules, and accompanying documentation pertaining to the operation of a computer system, which are stored in read/write memory
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