DETERMINE THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

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ABSTRACT

This study was carried out to determine the impact of corporate social responsibility on firm’s profitability, using UNICEM Ltd, Calabar as a study. The study examined and identified problems associated with firms’ performance as a result of carrying out corporate social responsibility activities. The study adopted the survey research design and a sample size of 371 was obtained using Taro Yamane model for sample size determination. Data used for the study was basically obtained from primary sources. Three hundred and seventy one questionnaires were administered to the staffs and management of Niger mills Plc, Calabar. The data collected were analyzed using Pearson product moment correlation model with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer program. The results of the analyzes revealed that there is a significant relationship between corporate social responsibility and improved performance of an organization (r = 0.788, α = 0.05); there is a significant relationship between corporate social responsibility and the performance of an organization (r = 0.727, α = 0.05); and that there is a significant relationship between firm’s core values and compliance with corporate social responsibility (r = 0.734, α = 0.05). The result indicated that the practice of corporate socials responsibility is an integral factor in increasing the performance of organizations. The study recommended that companies should engage in corporate social responsibility not only to improve their performance, but to also strengthen their legitimacy, reputation, and building competitive advantage.

LIST OF TABLES

Table Pages

Table 4.1 Distribution of Respondents according to gender 36

Table 4.2 Distribution of Respondents according years of service 36

Table 4.3 Distribution of Respondents according

To marital status 37

Table 4.4 Distribution of Respondents according

to Highest academic qualifications 37

Table 4.5 Distribution of Respondents according

to occupation 37

Table 4.6 Distribution of Respondents according to waste

disposal and profitability of Unicem 38

Table 4.7 Distribution of Respondents according to CSR

and profitability of Unicem 39

Table 4.8 Distribution of Respondents according

to Model Summary 44

Table 4.9 Distribution of Respondents according to ANOVAa 45

Table 4.10 Distribution of Respondents according

to coefficients 45

Table 4.11 Distribution of Respondents according

to Model Summary 46

Table 4.12 Distribution of Respondents according to ANOVAa 47

Table 4.13 Distribution of Respondents according to coefficients 47

TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENT PAGE

CERTIFICATION I

DECLARATION II

DEDICATION III

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IV

ABSTRACT V

LIST OF TABLES VI

TABLE OF CONTENT VII

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES 5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 6 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY 7 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS 8HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF UNICEM 9

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.1 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 11

2.1.1 STAKEHOLDER THEORY 13

2.1.2 LEGITIMACY THEORY 15

2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 18

2.2.1 CONCEPT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 19

2.2.2 MEASUREMENT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 20

2.2.3 MEASUREMENT OF FIRMS’ PROFITABILITY 21

2.3 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND THE

FIRMS’ GOING CONCERN 24

2.4 EMPIRICAL STUDIES ON CORPORATE

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 25

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN 30

3.2 POPULATION OF THE STUDY 30

3.3 SAMPLE SIZE AND SAMPLE SIZE DETERMINATION 30

3.4 SAMPLING PROCEDURE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES 31

3.5 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION AND DATA

COLLECTION SOURCES 31

3.6 INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT 32

3.7 INSTRUMENT VALIDATION 33

3.8 INSTRUMENT RELIABILITY TEST 33

3.9 MODEL SPECIFICATION 34

3.10 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 35

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

OF FINDINGS

4.1 DATA PRESENTATION 36

4.2 DATA ANALYSIS 40

4.3 TEST OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESES 44

4.4 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS 48

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 50

5.2 CONCLUSION 51

5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS 52

5.4 SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER STUDIES 53

REFERENCES 54

APPENDIX

DETERMINE THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON FIRM’S PROFITABILITY, A CASE STUDY OF UNICEM LTD CALABAR

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