Effect Of Alcohol Consumption On Some Hepatic Functions Of Albino Rats
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Effect Of Alcohol Consumption On Some Hepatic Functions Of Albino Rats
ABSTRACT
In chemistry, an alcohol is an organic molecule with the hydroxyl functional group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom. Specifically, this carbon centre should be saturated, with single bonds to three additional atoms (Nic et al., 2006). Alcohols are neutral, colourless organic solvents that circulate throughout the body.
This means that the concentrations within tissues will be identical to those in the blood. Alcohol (ethanol) is commonly drunk in the form of beer, wine, and spirits. Excessive alcohol consumption and its repercussions are a major cause of economic, social, and medical problems around the world.
Aside from the short-term effects, the majority of the pathophysiological repercussions of ethanol addiction are linked to chronic consumption over time. According to Breslow et al. (2008), approximately 70% of adults in the United States imbibe alcohol.
Consuming this dietary component carries both hazards and advantages. Low to moderate alcohol consumption reduces the incidence of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality (USDA, 2010).
According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 and the American Heart Association’s dietary guidelines, if alcohol is used, men should limit themselves to two drinks per day (28 g/day) and women to one (14 g/day) (Lichtenstein et al., 2006).
However, over 38 million adults in the United States report binge drinking four times per month, with an average of eight drinks per episode (Kanny et al., 2013). Excessive alcohol use was responsible for roughly 10% of mortality among working-age individuals in the United States between 2006 and 2010 (Stahre et al., 2014), costing the US $223.5 billion in 2006. It is believed to be the fourth most preventable cause of mortality in the United States (Mokdad et al., 2000).
Heavy drinking, particularly binge drinking, raises the risk of liver disease, hypertension, stroke, type II diabetes, gastrointestinal malignancies, accidents, and violence (USDA, 2010). Alcohol misuse is the primary cause of liver disease morbidity and mortality (USDA, 2010).
Increased levels of numerous liver-derived biomarkers in alcoholic patients have been linked to excessive ethanol intake and alcoholic liver disease, and a number of studies have found that excessive alcohol use induces hepatic enzyme function (Sharpe, 2001; Niemela, 2006). Only a few modest studies have looked into the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on liver enzymes (Alatalo et al., 2009).
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