Effect Of Different Organic Manure On Cucumber Plant
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Effect Of Different Organic Manure On Cucumber Plant
ABSTRACT
The primary goal of this research is to discover how organic manure affects cucumber development and productivity. The specific objectives were to determine the physical and chemical properties of pelleted and unpelleted composted organic materials, determine the effects of pelleted and unpelleted composted organic materials on the growth and yield of three varieties of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), and evaluate the effects of unpelleted composted rice husks + poultry manure (75%:25%, v/v) rates on the growth and yield of three varieties of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).
Three studies were carried out on the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Experiment one involved a laboratory investigation to identify the physical and chemical properties of pelleted and unpelleted composted organic materials.
Experiment two was conducted in the greenhouse using a 3 × 13 factorial experiment in a completely randomised design (CRD) with three replications. The treatments were three varieties of cucumber (Poinsett, Marketer, and Supermarketer) and unpelleted composted rice husks (100%), unpelleted composted moringa pod husks (100%), unpelleted composted maize cobs (100%),
unpelleted composted rice husks + poultry manure (75%:25%, volume to volume; v/v), unpelleted composted moringa pod husks + poultry manure (75%:25%, v/v), unpelleted composted maize cobs + poultry manure (75%:25%, Experiment three was conducted in the field as a 3 4 factorial using a randomised complete block design (RCBD) and three replications.
Twelve treatment combinations were tested, including three cucumber types (Poinsett, Marketer, and Supermarketer) and four rates (0 t ha -1, 5 t ha -1, 10 t ha -1, and 15 t ha-1) of unpelleted composted rice husks + poultry manure (75%:25%, volume to volume; v/v). Comparing the physical parameters of pelleted and unpelleted composted organic materials, top soil had a substantially greater bulk density value of 1.21 g cm-3 (p < 0.05).
Unpelleted composted rice husks had considerably higher total porosity and accessible water retention capacity (100%, p < 0.05). Chemical analysis revealed that unpelleted composted maize cobs (100%) had a substantially greater organic matter content (26.48%) than pelleted composted maize cobs (100%).
The unpelleted composted rice husks + poultry manure had a much higher total nitrogen and carbon nitrogen ratio (75:25, v/v). The morphological growth traits (plant height, leaf area per plant, number of internodes per plant, number of leaves per plant
internode length per plant, and stem girth per plant) and yield performances (root, stem, leaf dry weight, fruit length, fruit width, fruit girth, number of fruits per plant, and total fresh fruit weight) of the three varieties of cucumber grown in soil amended with unpelleted composted rice husks + poultry (75%:25%, v/v) had significantly (p < 0).
The highest application rate of 15 t ha-1 resulted in significantly higher values (p < 0.05) of total nitrogen (1.36%), available phosphorus (80.36 ppm), organic carbon (4.10%), organic matter content (7.07%), exchangeable potassium (0.38 meq/100 g), exchangeable calcium (5.80 meq/100 g), and exchangeable magnesium (4.30 meq/100 g) compared to other rates.
Soil organic carbon and exchangeable calcium had the highest correlation coefficient (r = 0.995**), while exchangeable potassium and magnesium had the lowest correlation coefficient (r = 0.473).
Chapter one
INTRODUCTION
Background for the study
One of the major obstacles to agricultural production in the Tropics is the soil’s intrinsic low concentration of critical nutrients for crop growth and development (Schlecht et al., 2007). Essential nutrients are those nutrients that plants require to complete their life cycle, such as nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K)
which are often referred to as primary nutrients, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulphur (S), which are called secondary nutrients, and boron (B), chlorine (Cl), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), molybdenum (Mb), and zinc (Zn), which are called micronutrients (Barker and Pilbeam, 2007).
Fertilisers can help to give these nutrients to the soil. Fertilisers can be either organic or inorganic. Inorganic fertilisers have been shown to enhance soil acidity, leaching, and nutrient imbalance (Schlecht et al., 2007), making them ineffective.
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