EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ON REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT
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EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ON REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT
ABSTRACT
Environmental pollution’s impact on real estate development. One of the issues affecting real estate development that need immediate response is pollution. Because Nigeria has many industries, there is a lot of gaseous effluent discharge and waste disposal.
There is also a rise in automobiles, which emit fumes; smoke from power plants, which pollutes the atmosphere. Warri, Delta state, was used as a case study in this study.
The study looked at the impact of pollution on real estate development. It also considered the extent to which it affected the entire property and other individuals living nearby, as well as potential solutions.
CHAPITRE ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Warri is a well-known oil production city in Delta State, Nigeria. Warri is a notable town in the Niger Delta with abundant natural resources.
Oil is the principal source of Nigeria’s income, but it is also the source of serious environmental and socioeconomic concerns in Nigeria’s Niger Delta region. Oil exploration, production, and refining in Nigeria have resulted in a variety of environmental and ecological issues, including oil spills, gas flares, habitat destruction, air and water pollution, and land degradation.
Furthermore, illegal oil bunkering and illegal refineries operated by indigenous peoples and some high-ranking government officials are major sources of oil pollution in the same region.
The chemical qualities of spilled oil frequently influence soil productivity and pollute water bodies, causing catastrophic damage to agricultural fields and aquatic bodies.
Gas flaring is a major environmental and economic problem in Nigeria, emitting around 70 million metric tonnes of CO2 per year (US EIA1999). This has a negative impact on local populations’ socioeconomic activities, which are mostly centred on fishing and farming (Egunjobi, 1993).
Flaring is estimated to cause 49 premature deaths, 5000 respiratory illnesses among children, 120,000 asthma attacks, and 8 additional causes of cancer in one region alone in the Niger Delta each year (Environmental Rights Action and the Climate Justice Programme). Water contamination is another important issue afflicting Nigeria.
According to Anukam (1997), forestry activities are the primary source of water contamination in Nigeria. Deforestation and poor soil tillage practises increase the concentration of soil particles that enter aquatic bodies, increasing sediment burdens. Another important source of pollution in Nigeria is the discharge of industrial waste materials into bodies of water.
Discharges from sectors such as petroleum, mining, iron and steel, pharmaceuticals, and textiles, among others, have increased the concentrations of sulphates and nitrates in bodies of water and altered features such as colour and odour (Adelegan 2004).
Many Nigerians get the majority of their household and drinking water from ponds, streams, and shallow wells. As a result, water contamination is a serious public health hazard,
putting the health of around 40 million people at risk of diseases such as cholera, dysentery, diarrhoea, and typhoid (Anukam 1997, Adelegan 2004, Orubu 2006).
Domestic and industrial waste have also been a major source of pollution in Nigeria.
In most Nigerian cities, inappropriate waste disposal and ineffective waste management cause serious environmental and aesthetic issues. Most municipal districts now generate more rubbish than they can manage as a result of overpopulation and the development of slums (Ogbonna and Ekweozor 2002).
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Environmental degradation has proceeded unabated, despite the numerous environmental regulations implemented to preserve the environment. Oil pillaging and gas flaring are still frequent in Nigeria,
particularly in the oil-rich Niger Delta. Despite the Nigerian government’s mandate to halt flaring by 2010 (Kalu, 2009), gas flaring has also continued unabated.
Thousands of barrels of oil have been released into the environment via our country’s oil pipelines and tanks. Environmental restrictions are still poorly enforced, as industries continue to release untreated waste water into the environment. In Nigerian streets and markets, piles of garbage are a common sight.
1.3 PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study is to look into the impact of environmental pollution on real estate development in Delta state.
However, the goals are as follows:
To identify and investigate the influence of environmental contamination on Warri real estate development.
To provide suggestions/recommendations on how to address/reduce environmental contamination.
To identify environmental contamination issues in real estate development.
1.4 STUDY OBJECTIVES
Inadequate findings have hampered the conduct of a comprehensive study on the influence of environmental pollution on real estate in all of Nigeria’s oil-producing states. There is also the issue of distance coverage in order to visit all of the localities included in the study for the purpose of data gathering.
Based on this, the study will be held in Warri, Delta State, and all information acquired will be generalised in the framework of the research report.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The purpose of this research is to find answers/suggestions to the following questions.
To what extent has the Nigerian government’s programme to reduce the impact of pollution on real estate been implemented?
How has pollution damaged the value of real estate and, as a result, discouraged investors from investing in real estate development?
What are the answers to the environmental pollution concerns in real estate development?
1.7 STUDY AREA DEMARCATION
Warri is a well-known oil-producing city in Nigeria’s Delta State. Warri is a notable town in the Niger Delta with abundant natural resources. Despite the fact that it is not the tertiary capital of Delta state (Centre of Activity).
It is densely populated, and as a result, there is a lot of business activity going on there. This research will be focused on Warri as the study location since it will be utilised as the case study for this research.
1.8 LIMITATIONS OF THE TUDY
This research was hampered by the refusal of the residents to provide all information requested for the purpose of this investigation. Also, the availability of funds to tour the entire village of Warri limits this effort to some extent.
This study endeavour did not receive much attention. With this limitation, it is not possible to confidently declare that the project received entire coverage as requested.
1.9 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The following are the study’s implications:
The findings of this study will educate the general public about the difficulties surrounding environmental contamination in real estate development.
The study’s conclusions would mandate steps that will increase demand for improved execution of environmental pollution control regulations in Nigeria.
This research will also act as a resource for other academics and researchers interested in conducting additional research in this topic in the future. If used, it will go so far as to create a new explanation for the issue.
1.10 DEFINITION OF TERMS
EFFECT: a change that occurs as a result of something being done or happening; an event, circumstance, or state of affairs caused by a cause.
POLLUTION: Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances into the natural environment.
Pollution can take many forms, including air, water, soil, radioactive, noise, heat, thermal, and light pollution.
Iii. ENVIRONMENT: The totality of a live organism’s surrounds, including natural forces and other living entities, that provide circumstances for development and growth as well as danger and injury.
POLLUTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT: Is defined as the release of toxic, destructive substances into the environment by natural forces or by man and his resources. There are four major categories of environmental pollution, which are as follows:
Pollution of the atmosphere
Pollution of the land
Water contamination
Pollution caused by noise
REAL ESTATE: Is property that includes land, buildings, and natural resources such as uncultivated flora and fauna, farmed crops and livestock, water, and minerals. It is classified into three basic categories based on its application: residential, commercial, and industrial.
DEVELOPMENT: The process by which someone or something grows, changes, and advances.
DELINEATION: The act of portraying or explaining something.
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