EFFECT OF REFUSE DISPOSAL ON HUMAN HEALTH IN NIGERIA
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EFFECT OF REFUSE DISPOSAL ON HUMAN HEALTH IN NIGERIA
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Background of the Study
Human health: The benefits of living in a clean environment cannot be overstated. When an environment is free of indecent trash, it usually has an impact on all aspects of the lives of the people who come into contact with it. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of garbage disposal techniques in the Yenagoa metropolis of Bayelsa State.
The requirement for adequate solid waste management has prompted public health officials around the world to pay attention to the issue. It is critical to guarantee that solid waste products are correctly managed in order to avoid the emergence of problems associated with inadequate waste management, such as water contamination, air pollution, increased incidence of vector-borne diseases, infection propagation, and so on.
Improper waste management procedures have been found to lead to a decline in a population’s health quality as a result of environmental health nuisances caused by these poor waste management practices (Oyebode, 2013; Igbinomwanhia et al., 2014; Awajiogak, 2013).
These waste products, collectively known as Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), include effluents resulting from agricultural, industrial, construction, mining and exploration, or commercial activities, which may be gaseous, solid, semi-solid, or liquid in nature; garbage disposed of at refuse dumps; abandoned non-functional cars/equipment;
and all other materials deemed no longer useful. However, these waste products are not always effectively disposed of or managed, resulting in environmental and public health issues (Onwughara et al., 2010; Schübeler et al., 1996; Karija et al., 2013).
Municipal solid waste management remains a major environmental health challenge in Nigeria, which has been attributed to indiscriminate roadside refuse disposal, open dumping of waste products
a massive unplanned urbanisation trend and growth of the population, the absence of actionable guidelines regarding refuse dumping and refuse dumpsites, inadequacy in funding, laxity in the practice of effective waste management and the absence of organised waste management.
An examination of Nigeria’s urban waste problem indicated that Nigerian cities are among the dirtiest in the world, with more than 80% of Nigerians using garbage disposal methods that do not meet World Health Organisation standards (Federal Ministry of Environment, 2002).
It is worth noting that the Nigerian government has played an important role in reducing this scourge by enacting regulations and legislation that promote proper waste management practices.
This, however, is insufficient; the public must also be taught on how to best comply with these rules, as noncompliance not only results in penalties from environmental health organisations, but it can also lead to health deterioration and even death.
This is an issue that must be tackled around the clock, despite the numerous challenges that the relevant waste management authorities face. Environmental health education, strict adherence and enforcement of environmental health laws and regulations, provision of adequate waste disposal methods for the populace, timely and proper waste management by relevant authorities, recycling of waste materials, etc. are some ways by which the prevailing occurrence of poor waste management can be tackled, thus providing a more healthy environment for labour and productivity (Onwughara et al., 20).
Given that effective and proper waste management practice is a problem that affects people’s health in Nigeria, it was necessary to conduct this study to assess waste disposal practices in the Yenagoa metropolis of Bayelsa State, as it provided a framework for evaluating waste management efforts and identified areas that required additional attention in order to achieve effective waste disposal and management in Bayelsa State.
The management of solid waste is undoubtedly the most conspicuous environmental issue confronting the capital and municipalities of Bayelsa State.
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