EFFECT OF RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESSES ON SAFETY CULTURE IN SELECTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN LAGOS
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EFFECT OF RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESSES ON SAFETY CULTURE IN SELECTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN LAGOS
ABSTRACT
The study looks at how industrial safety management affects employee safety culture. The specific objective of the study is to identify the relationship between industrial safety management and safety culture of employees, identify the hazards encountered by employees in the Nigeria manufacturing sector,
bring to the fore safety provisions for employees in the manufacturing industry, determine how orientation and training influence safety management in manufacturing organisations, and determine how safety issues were managed in the manufacturing industry.
The study’s population was one thousand, two hundred and twenty (1220) from chosen manufacturing enterprises in Lagos State, Nigeria. Using Taro Yamane’s formula, a sample size of three hundred and one (301) was calculated. The data gathering instruments included a structured questionnaire and an interview.
The study design used was a survey. The data were presented in frequency tables, and the hypotheses were tested using the Z-test and the Friedman Chi-squared. The findings indicate that there were significant relationship between industrial safety management and safety culture of employees;
physical and chemical hazards were the hazards encountered in the manufacturing industry; personal protective equipment is the safety provision for employees; orientation and training have significant influences on safety management implementation in the manufacturing industry; safety issues in the manufacturing industry were managed by mak
The report proposes that safety rules and procedures be evaluated anytime operational conditions change to ensure that they are still applicable. Management should hire professionally qualified and motivated safety officers rather than quacks and touts.
The federal government should create and enforce rules that impose greater fines on employers who fail to follow safe work practices or record accidents in their operations.
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
In today’s business environment, major changes in the global economy and revolutionary service organisations, combined with subsequent changes in working life and employee responsibilities, have created an urgent need to strengthen and adapt the tools and methods used to promote and protect safety, health, and the environment in manufacturing firms (Doe, 2004:450).
Safety and quality remain essential concerns for enhancing productivity and efficiency in Nigerian and international manufacturing enterprises. Furthermore, the best practices of leading organisations that are progressively integrating safety, health, and environmental management into their entire management system provide hope that wider adoption of the approach will reverse various unfavourable trends (Saurin, 2002: 335–348).
Employers are required under safety, health, and environmental legislation, as well as particular guidelines, to provide a safe work environment and minimise exposure to dangerous substances in order to protect their employees’ health.
The goal has always been to provide collective protection by regulating the release of the material at the source, so that it does not enter the ambient air and pose a health risk (Evans and Parkers, 2008:12-1 7).
To recognise these and other dangers, we must first gain a thorough understanding of the environment in which we operate, as it is critical for us to be safety conscious in our everyday actions, particularly in an industrial setting.
Every year, thousands of people are killed and maimed or injured as a result of accidents caused by carelessness, thoughtlessness, or a lack of concern. Essentially, safety is about mutual concern and respect for yourself, your coworkers, and the equipment you’ll be utilising.
Without this base, a suit of amour will not protect you (Harcourt, 1991:155). Various literature on the topic of safety environment indicates that man is heavily influenced by the safety environment in which he finds himself (Kadiri, 2006:3).
In fact, psychologists have demonstrated that the safety environment is one of two determinants of an individual’s personality (Onwueme, 1994:32).
Furthermore, safety comes first and takes precedence over all other priorities. As a result, safety is the most important aspect and value of environmental management.
The capacity to undertake safety procedures in an environment will not be jeopardised. If a job cannot be done safely, it will be avoided (Doe, 2006: 150).
Today, the problem of workplace safety and its surrounds is attracting significant attention around the world.Industrial accidents are common in today’s society, and they are often accompanied by health problems, absenteeism, poor performance, and depression.
Some tasks are extremely hazardous, and the law demands that all employers maintain a safe environment for individuals performing hazardous work (Fulton, 2008: 49). Everyone wants to work in a safe and healthy physical environment.
Productivity suffers when people are sickly. Employees are often unwell and absent from work, occasionally leads to low moral. For the employer, a hazardous and unhealthy environment leads to not only lost production but also increased costs in the form of medical expenses and disability benefits. The impact of the safety environment affects employee performance either positively or negatively (Kadiri, 2006:5).
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The new Health and Safety at Work Act of 1974 established legal requirements for both employers and employees to raise awareness of the importance of taking precautions to avoid accidents, injury, and disease.
According to the Act, “It shall be the duty of every employee while at work to take a reasonable care for the health and other persons who may be affected by his acts or omissions at work” . For example, wearing goggles, grinding, marking hot metal, keeping gangways clear, and so on (Krnyo, 1997: 31).
It is thus the employer’s responsibility to guarantee that suitable protective equipment is supplied and that machine guarding is maintained (Kenyo, 1997:30). The provision of working circumstances that ensure employee safety at work has become a major management problem nowadays.
Protective shields are presented as precautionary measures, such as eye goggles, safety boots, hand gloves, clothes, and so on. Every person and community member values safety. Individual and personal safety is extremely important to you.
The Boko Haram bomb threat at the University of Ife and the University of Ibadan resulted in stampedes (Daily Sun, September 16, 2011: 5). The fact that you are here today demonstrates your and others’ concern for safety.
It can be alarming to consider all of the genuine hazards that people face on a daily basis (George, 1999:15).
THE MACHINE AGE PRESENTS US WITH MANY SAFETY RISKS BECAUSE MILLIONS OF PEOPLE WORK IN THE EXTRACTIVE, CONSTRUCTION, AND SCIENCE INDUSTRY USING POWER TECHNOLOGY TOOLS.
To address these risks, Geller (2001:15) recommends emphasising safety from early childhood and throughout one’s life. Safety defines the condition in which the likelihood of an accident is minimal.
Every accident is the result of a combination of risky conditions and unsafe actions. The cumulative effect of these factors over time results in an accident (Daniel, 2006:34).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Work-related accidents and mishaps are widespread because to a lack of respect to safety norms and regulations, as well as ignorance of the impending dangers linked with manufacturing organisations, resulting in poor worker performance.
Workplace safety and health is a global concern in today’s commercial organisations. However, when there is a lack of attention to safety management, the result is always a high percentage of industrial accidents, which impedes economic development by lowering productivity/material output.
Thus, the study focuses on the impact of industrial safety management on employee safety culture in Nigeria’s manufacturing industry.
1.3 The objectives of the study
The study’s particular aims are as follows:
To determine the relationship between industrial safety management and employees.
To determine the hazards faced by employees in Nigeria’s manufacturing sector.
To highlight safety provisions for employees in the manufacturing industry.
To determine how orientation and training affect safety management in manufacturing.
To determine how safety issues are managed in manufacturing.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS.
With the above objectives in mind, the study aims to answer the following questions:
How does industrial safety management affect staff productivity?
What are the hazards that employees in the manufacturing business face?
What safety measures are in place for factory employees?
How do orientation and training affect safety management in the manufacturing industry?
How were safety issues handled in the industrial industry?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
The following alternative hypotheses are proposed to guide the study.
Hi, there is a major association between industrial safety management and employees.
Hello: Physical and chemical dangers are encountered in production.
Hello, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as safety helmets, safety belts, safety shoes, and hand gloves are safety precautions for workers in manufacturing.
Hi: Orientation and training have a considerable impact on safety management implementation in manufacturing.
Hello: Safety difficulties in the industrial business were controlled by making the environment free of hazards to a considerable extent.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study will benefit safety managers, governments, companies, and regulatory agencies by exposing them to current safety
management practices. Such knowledge will enable individuals to become risk-aware.
The report will help the manufacturing industry implement an efficient safety management system to keep the business profitable.
Finally, this study will be useful to future researchers since it will act as a roadmap for subsequent research.
1.7 The Scope of the Study
The study centres on the topic of safety management. Theoretical framework, Empirical Review, Safe environment, Global awareness of safety management. Workshop risk and the adoption of appropriate controls, Impact of Industrial Safety Management on Productivity The impact of orientation and training on industrial safety management.
Job responsibilities of an industrial, health, and safety engineer The use of ILO-OSHA standards, Implementation of Occupational Safety and Health The impact of occupational safety and health management on the industrial industry Identify and control dangers.
Performance monitoring and feedback in safety management, safety provisions and personal protective equipment (PPE), and the economic benefits of safety management implementation.
Three manufacturing enterprises from Lagos State were chosen for this investigation. The companies were ERISCO, Nigerian Breweries Plc, and Juhel Nigeria Ltd. They were picked for their extensive history as manufacturing enterprises.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
The key limitations of the study are:
TIME
One of the reasons for limiting the scope of this study to Lagos State was time constraints; due to the study’s restricted time, some of the locations where significant information may have been gathered were not visited.
FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS:
Some locations where important information could have been collected were avoided due to the high expense.
Attitude of the Respondents
Some respondents had a negative attitude towards the study because there was no financial benefit associated to it.
1.9 Definition of Terms
Accident: An unforeseen event that may result in injury or damage. Any event that has or could have caused injury, damage, or work stoppage (Emenite: 2003).
Environment: Those elements, institutions, processes, etc., whose activities and services are required for the organization’s effective performance but are not under the organization’s control (Onwuchekwa, 1993).
Hazard: A potential source of danger or harm to life (Bedford, 1996).
Management is the process of getting things done effectively and efficiently through and with other people (Robins and Decenzo, 2005).
Safety: All laws and regulations governing the safety of a company’s operations, products, and employees (Kadiri, 2006).
harmful compounds: These are harmful compounds that are released by industry (Emenite, 2003).
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