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EFFECT OF TWITTER BAN IN NIGERIA AMONG THE UNIVERSITIES OF BENIN AND BENSON IDAHOSA EDO STATE

EFFECT OF TWITTER BAN IN NIGERIA AMONG THE UNIVERSITIES OF BENIN AND BENSON IDAHOSA EDO STATE

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EFFECT OF TWITTER BAN IN NIGERIA AMONG THE UNIVERSITIES OF BENIN AND BENSON IDAHOSA EDO STATE

Chapter one

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Social media is a phrase commonly used to describe new types of media that require direct engagement. The growth of media is frequently separated into two ages: the broadcast age and the interactive age.

During the broadcast age, media was nearly entirely centralised, with one institution, such as a radio or television station, newspaper corporation, or movie production studio, delivering messages to a large number of people.

Feedback from media outlets was frequently indirect, delayed, and impersonal. Individuals typically communicated by personal letters, phone conversations, or, on a somewhat larger scale, photocopied family newsletters.

With the emergence of digital and mobile technologies, engagement on a broad scale became easier for individuals than ever before; as a result, a new media age was formed, with interactivity put at the centre of new media functions.

Gerbaudo, P. (2012). One person could now communicate with many others, and fast feedback was possible. Citizens and customers used to have restricted and rather subdued voices, but now they can share their ideas with a large number of people.

The low cost and accessibility of new technology also provided more options for media consumption than ever before, so instead of relying on a few news outlets, people can now seek information from multiple sources and discuss it with others via message boards. The ongoing revolution revolves upon social media.

Edwards (2013) explores the characteristics, common forms, and common functions of social media.

The Nigerian government’s shutdown of Twitter has had a negative impact on many young business owners, students, social media influencers, and activists, and Global Voices spoke with them to learn about the ban’s impact on their lives and enterprises. Fears about the likely extension of the suspension to other social media platforms such as Instagram have heightened their fears (https://globalvoices.org).

The shock of the Nigerian government’s Twitter suspension on June 4, 2021 still reverberates. The Nigerian government banned the social media site because Twitter judged it detrimental and deleted a tweet by President Muhammadu Buhari that suggested the state might use violence against the Igbo ethnic group (Ajazeera News, 2021).

Since then, many have hypothesised that the government’s suspension of the microblogging site was in response to Twitter’s support for the youth-led October 2020 #ENDSARS movement against police brutality (Ajazeera New, 2021).

Based on this, the researcher wishes to find out the effect of the Twitter ban in Nigeria among the Universities of Benin and Benson Idahosa, Edo State.

Statement of the Problem

Nigerian Twitter users, including Ojukwu, immediately began to criticise the ban on the usage of virtual private networks (VPNs), denouncing the limitation of freedom of expression on the entire public for, at best, ambiguous reasons.

We are running a campaign for Justice Education. What better time to keep tweeting than now? “The Twitter ban violates Nigerians’ right to free expression,” she says Huck.

However, the Nigerian government appeared to be far from done with its limitations, as the Office of the Attorney-General of the Federation promptly ordered the arrest and prosecution of any Nigerian who violated the prohibition.

The Federal Government’s ban on Twitter violates the rights granted by the Nigerian Constitution, the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, to which Nigeria is a signatory, and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, to which we are also signatory.

Many universities use Twitter to reach out to students and the wider public. The study would seek to discover the effect of the Twitter ban in Nigeria among Universities of Benin and Idahosa, Edo state.

The objectives of the study

The study’s aims are:

To determine the causes of the Twitter ban in Nigeria

To find out the effect of the Twitter ban among the Universities of Benin and Benson Idahosa Edo State

To establish if the Nigerian government’s Twitter ban is a bridge to the fundamental human rights of its citizenry

Research Question

What are the causes of Nigeria’s Twitter ban?

What effect does the Twitter ban have on the Universities of Benin and Benson Idahosa in Edo State?

Is the Nigerian government’s Twitter ban a bridge to its citizens’ fundamental human rights?

Research Hypotheses

Hypothesis 1.

Ho: There are no reasons for the Twitter ban in Nigeria.

Hello: there are reasons behind the Twitter ban in Nigeria.

Hypothesis 2.

Ho: The Twitter ban has had no effect on the universities of Benin and Benson Idahosa in Edo state.

Hello: there are effects of Twitter prohibition among Universities of Benin and Benson Idahosa, Edo state.

Hypothesis 3.

Ho: The Nigerian government’s Twitter ban is not a bridge to its citizens’ fundamental human rights.

Hi: The Nigerian government’s Twitter ban is a bridge to the fundamental human rights of its citizens.

Significance of the Study

The study’s conclusions will be important to all branches of government as well as Nigerian individuals. The study, both theoretically and empirically, will shed light on the necessity for the government, particularly the judiciary, to reconsider the existing restriction/ban on the Twitter platform, keeping in mind the importance of internet freedom.

As a result, such limitations must be grounded in clear, detailed, and clearly accessible statute legislation. Regulatory agencies enforcing laws regulating freedom of expression on social media must be completely independent, responsible, and have proper protections in place to prevent arbitrariness.

Furthermore, the study will add to the body of knowledge, act as a reference material, and be incredibly valuable to students and researchers who may be interested in gathering or conducting studies relevant to the issue under study.

Scope of the Study

The study’s scope includes the impact of the Twitter ban in Nigeria on universities in Benin and Benson Idahosa, Edo state. The study would be limited to the University of Benin and Benson Idahosa in Edo state.

Limitations of the study

The following issues represent a limitation during the course of this investigation.

Financial constraints- Insufficient funds tend to restrict the researcher’s efficiency in accessing relevant resources, literature, or information, as well as in data collecting (internet, questionnaire, and interview).

Time constraints: The researcher will conduct this investigation while also working on other academic projects. This will reduce the amount of time spent on research.

Definition of Terms

Twitter is an American microblogging and social networking service that allows users to post and interact with messages known as “tweets”. Registered users can post, like, and retweet tweets; unregistered users can simply read them.

Twitter Ban: This is an authoritative suspension in the operation of Twitter, as mandated by the Federal Government of Nigeria on June 5th, 2021, until the proprietors of the social network meet the newly formed condition imposed by the Nigerian government.

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