EFFECT OF WORK ENVIRONMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
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EFFECT OF WORK ENVIRONMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
CHAPITRE ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 AN OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
Human work is required for organisation. It is a complex phenomenon that administrators of such organisations must comprehend. As a result, it is assumed that every behaviour is goal-directed.
Thus, in order for an organisation or an individual to engage in any profitable activity, it must have underlying fundamental factors that include the individual. As a result, the impact of the work environment on attaining the organization’s goals must be adequate.
As a result, the nature of the workplace is concerned with these factors that influence worker productivity, which include the “why” of people’s behaviours. Why do people do what they do?
What are these increases in labour productivity? Why is Ifeoma’s moral higher than Ngozi’s? These concerns can be answered by understanding the nature of the workplace and how it affects productivity.
However, the organisational goal can only be met if the environment is favourable. The work environment includes the office buildings, furnishings, and layout, as well as the physical circumstances in which employees work.
It is also concerned with external elements affecting the business that the office serves, such as the industry or other activities in which the business works, as well as the customs and laws of the community in which they operate.
These environmental influences are constantly changing, and the workplace must adapt, but how do conventions and rules affect worker morale? After further inquiry, this question can be answered. The office and its surroundings are dynamic, but the most dynamic aspect in the office is the human factor.
Workers today are better educated than in the past. They are more inclined to raise concerns about their working environment since management is dynamic. It has adhered to and addresses the provision of a good working environment for worker productivity. But what exactly are those gains that boost productivity?
As a result, an answer will be provided after further research. However, a poor work environment and poor working circumstances represent a significant risk to workers’ health, causing them to work with less joy and excitement,
and job progress is delayed and disrupted. Understanding the impact of the work environment on employee productivity cannot be overstated or considered as overstatement in any organisation.
Experience has demonstrated that workers are immediately influenced by the environment in which they find themselves, and that their competence will yield no results in terms of production if the atmosphere is not conducive.
This is consistent with what is said now about workers in public businesses, particularly those in Delta Line, and the issue of unproductive workers is exacerbated by the terrible state of the environment.
As a result of the negative influence of the work environment on employee morale, Mill stressed the necessity for a decent physical work environment for workers in 1930, following World War I. During this time, various management were concerned with the significance of sustaining loyalty and morale by removing irritants from their environment such as temperature, noise, and pollution.
This was then expanded to cover a broader range of troubling effects such as job instability, unfairness on the part of supervisors, and not being accepted by one’s coworkers. According to Mills (1983),
the necessity for a minimum level of working conditions was legitimised by a 1963 law and act of parliament that made it essential for all commercial organisations to give a minimum standard of interest that will improve employee performance as an objective.
1.2 STATEMENTOF THE PROBLEM
Every organisation is put up for a goal, which is commonly referred to as the objective, and this cannot be realised if the environment appears unhealthy. The absence of crucial work materials as a result of the non-availability of some necessary office facilities such as air conditioning, rugs, and sufficient ventilation in some of the company’s departments is a typical occurrence.
Some offices or departments appear depressing and uninspiring. Some of them lack louvres, light, and have unfinished roofs. The current state of affairs does not compete favourably with other offices outside, with some offices having a messy and disorganised environment, and most departments having tiny floor space with materials tables, chairs, documents, files, and other things thrown here and there.
Some offices were outfitted without considering the relationship between colour choice and worker morale. Some of these facilities are coloured, making the office appear dark; some of the department’s job services are positioned incorrectly. Workers are aware that the work of accounting typing, for example, necessitates adequate light quality due to the visual discrimination involved.
Employee performance is deteriorating as a result of the lack of a decent working environment. The majority of departmental managers in the organisation pay no regard to achieving departmental set objectives in order to be recognised and promoted at the expense of workers’ or employees’ welfare. Managers’ negligence has had a significant impact on worker performance and morale.
The current state of affairs in the company has resulted in a bad attitude among the personnel, which is detrimental to the organisation’s success and achievement of its goals. In an attempt to answer the research work’s queries,
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this research is to analyse and determine the influence of work environment in Delta Line, determining whether deficiency of various conditional factors can impair employee productivity. It is also intended to determine whether the nature of the work environment causes low productivity, absenteeism, and tardiness among employees.
Furthermore, to investigate worker productivity in a healthy setting. It is also to recommend techniques for increasing the productivity of the company’s employees. As a result, Delta Line’s goal is as follows:
1. To provide employment opportunities for Deltans and to train technicians in the fields of motor vehicle mechanics, welding, electrical work, painting, and driving.
2. To provide dependable and inexpensive transit for Deltans and Nigerians in general.
3. Increase the state’s revenue base by managing a profit-oriented limited liability firm.
The firm’s management has repositioned the company on the path of productivity, and in order to better serve our passengers, it has embarked on a major policy choice that has brought life to its operation.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following were investigated in the study in order to find answers that will assist the organisation.
1. What are the effects of the work environment?
2. How does a poor working environment affect employee performance?
3. How can a poor working environment effect employee morale?
4. What are the variables that increase productivity?
5. How do customs and legislation affect worker morale?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
The following hypotheses’ research statements have been produced.
Hi: A pleasant working atmosphere boosts employee productivity.
Ho: A pleasant working atmosphere has little effect on staff productivity.
Hi: The provision of a good atmosphere is thought to be the most effective among workers for increasing productivity.
Ho: Providing a good environment is not thought to be the most effective way for workers to increase productivity.
Hi: Workers’ morale is boosted by custom and laws.
Customers and legislation do not promote employee morale.
Hi: The nature of the work environment has a favourable impact on employee productivity.
Ho: The nature of the workplace has no positive effect on worker productivity.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research focuses on persons who are hired by an organisation to work for it. In other words, the study is X-raying all of the workers in Delta Transport Service (Delta Line) as a special regard which is the research study and it covers the permanent site of all company known as mega workshop and administrative site, its loading bay in Asaba town and other substation outside the town such as Onitsha, Oleh, Agbor.,
Lagos Warri, Jos and others and it cuts across all categories of workers in this company ranging from managers, drivers, clerks and others. This section will aid the researcher in conducting thorough study and analysis in order to truly determine the effect of work environment on worker or employee productivity.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Many people in an organisation want to achieve a higher level of safety or job security at their workplace. And, if done, this study should be extremely beneficial to various organisations and individuals.
It will assist to emphasise the impact of the work environment on employee productivity in Delta Line, so that management will look into the issues in order to improve the company’s environment.
It will allow management to establish a minimum level of decent working conditions for employees in order to achieve maximum productivity. The study’s goal is to emphasise that monetary incentives alone cannot drive individuals to improve their productivity without a decent environment in which to work.
Furthermore, it will contribute to the idea that a good atmosphere is highly significant and indispensable to the expanding needs of workers. It will also be useful to prospective students who may use some of the information in this work to guide their own research effort connected to the current study.
1.8 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
A general drawback to most research projects is: office facilities, human resources, and job security are the key restraints predicted to limit the scope of a study of this type, because observation interviews and questionnaires will be used to collect basic data.
The approaches shall have projected effects on the perfection of this study; however, the researcher shall undertake detailed work on the issue to ensure the achievement of the purpose for which this research task was originally offered.
1.9 DEFINITION OF KEY WORDS
The definition of terms is to be understood explicitly for clarity and simple understanding of the applied meaning of such terms as employed in the context of this study activity, taking into account the current condition.
a. Loading Bay: This is a vehicle loading and unloading area (http://wiki openttd.org).
b. Environment: A person’s, animal’s, or plant’s environment (Derek 1997).
c. Morale: the ability of a group’s members to maintain belief in an institution or objective in the face of opposition or adversity. Authority frequently refers to morale as a generic value judgement of a group’s will power, compliance,
and self discipline when entrusted with executing chores set by a superior. ‘Morale is the power of a group of people to pull together repeatedly and consistently in pursuit of a common goal,’ writes Alexander H. Leighton.
d. employment Security: This is the likelihood that an individual will keep his or her employment; it has been discovered that people have higher job security during expansions and less during recessions. Some statutes (for example, the Rights Acts of 1964)
g. Productivity: This is a measure of production efficiency. Productivity is defined as the ratio of output to inputs required to produce it. Productivity is defined as the total amount of output produced per unit of input.
These definitions are brief yet too generic and insufficient to explain the phenomena of production. In order to acquire a measurable form of productivity, a more complete theory of productivity is required, which defines and explains the phenomena of productivity and makes it understandable. The rate at which things are produced
f. Prospective: Literally means “looking forward,” but it can also refer to a future event that is likely or projected to occur.
1.10 SYNOPSIS
The impact of the work environment on employee productivity is deemed vital for productivity growth and high morale at work. The work environment has a far-reaching effect on worker morale, but receives little research attention.
Specifically, this study is geared towards examining the various conditional factors of the work environment and determining whether inadequacy of each of the various conditional factors can affect worker productivity.
Based on the findings, the work environment has been improved in terms of neatness, noiselessness, suitable arrangement, and ventilation.
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