EFFECTIVE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AS A KEY TO ATTAINING ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS
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ABSTRACT
A case study of the Owerri plant of Nigeria Bottling Company PLC was used to experimentally examine the importance of efficient human resource management in achieving organizational objectives. This study’s objectives were to examine the nature of human resource management in Nigeria bottling company PLC’s Owerri plant, the impact of human resource management on the achievement of organizational goals in Nigeria bottling company PLC’s Owerri plant, and the challenges facing human resource management in Nigeria bottling company PLC’s Owerri plant. The scope of the study is the Nigeria bottling firm PLC, Owerri plant in 2020 utilizing staff personnel; Theory X and Theory Y served as the conceptual framework. The research design employed is a survey, and the population for this study comprises of all employees at the Owerri facility of Nigeria Bottling Company PLC. 400 employees were selected as the sample size, and cluster sampling was utilized. The questionnaire was utilized as a data gathering instrument. The information was gathered from primary sources. The examination of the data reveals that human resource management has a substantial impact on the achievement of organizational goals, and that ineffectiveness and frequent director turnover pose a serious barrier to human resource management. In light of the findings, it was suggested that good human resource management be supported and that obstacles impeding such management be eliminated.
Human resource management, organizational goals, the Owerri plant, and the Nigeria bottling firm PLC.
FIRST PART
INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background of the Study
Every organization’s primary objective is to increase productivity and meet organizational objectives, and this is contingent on the skills and competencies of its staff. Human resource is the sum total of an organization’s available employees. It is impossible to overstate the significance of human capital to the long-term viability of any firm or enterprise. Manpower is the foundation of all resources and the indispensable means of converting other resources to mankind’s use and benefit; therefore, how well we develop and employ human resources skills is fundamental in determining how much will be accomplished by an organization or a nation as a whole; manpower development and utilization is of utmost importance to any sector, as it deals with how to keep employees satisfied, up-to-date, resourceful, and productive. Given the nature of human existence in modern times, the preceding is of crucial importance (Ajieh, 2014).
Human resource planning is crucial to the accomplishment of an organization’s goals. Manpower planning entails applying the planning process to the organization’s human resources. According to Ojohwoh (2011), manpower is a vital component of any organization, whether industrial, commercial, or educational. According to Onah (2014), what differentiates the most successful organizations is their human resource management. Numerous organizations have realized that planning is the sole means of enhancing efficiency and assuring job quality, making the function of personnel planning inevitable. Human Resource Management is an essential function for businesses in both the private and governmental sectors. The process addresses several operational objectives, such as recruitment, providing proper training to the employee, selection of the employee, evaluation of the employee, motivating and maintaining a proper relationship with the employee, and maintaining the welfare and health of the organization’s employees in accordance with state and national laws. Human resource management operates in a variety of areas, including job administration, planning staff needs and recruitment, determining compensation and salaries, settling disputes, and establishing a safer working environment for employees (Bowen & Ostroff, 2004).
In this advanced age of technical advancement and development, staffing must unquestionably be carefully prepared to handle the difficulties of modern technology. This is the key to the efficiency and efficacy of the Nigeria bottling company PLC. To support this claim, Bulla and Scot (1994) demonstrated that manpower planning is the process of ensuring that an organization’s human resource needs are identified and plans are established to meet those needs. Schein (1997) observed that the complexity of an organization increases its susceptibility to human error. G. Jons’s (1998) research demonstrates that organizations are social innovations developed for the aim of achieving common objectives through cooperative effort. They are distinguished by the coordinated engagement of individuals, not necessarily objects.
A lot of elements, including capital, equipment, labor, etc., contribute to the success of any business. In order for these organizations to fulfill their aims and objectives, they must therefore devote the necessary focus. Due to inadequate human resource planning, many companies in Nigeria have been poor in their operations and overall efficacy.
1.2 Description of the Research Problem
Numerous organizations have undoubtedly acknowledged the significance of workforce planning as the driving force behind increased productivity. A methodical approach to human resource planning is required to ensure that the company is comprised of the right people, at the right time, in the right location, in order to provide high-quality services.
In recent years, it has been seen that a significant percentage of businesses are doing poorly due to a lack of effective and efficient human resources.
Uncertainty abounds in the business world, and an understanding of labour contribution or human resources development is crucial for management, particularly in the areas of enhancing organizational productivity and profitability. Lack of skilled labor, intense competition among enterprises, technological issues, and low productivity, to name a few, contribute to a high rate of poor performance and poor product implementation, while placing a severe limit on product expansion and productivity growth.
In addition to the aforementioned, it was observed that the data base required for manpower planning is insufficient, and more emphasis is placed on traditional personnel management functions such as recruitments, placement, wages, administration, discipline, and employee welfare at the expense of manpower development. Furthermore, personnel are not deployed depending on the learned abilities during training. Some of the personnel who have benefited from or been sent for training, with all the financial resources incurred in the government’s name, have not been given the opportunity or been placed in their proper positions in accordance with the training received. This has also been a significant issue, as it leads to frustration and inefficiency in general.
In light of this, the researcher is considering doing a case study of the Owerri plant of Nigeria Bottling Company PLC to examine effective human resource management as a key to the achievement of organizational goals.
1.3. Aims of the research
The overall objective of the study is to analyze good human resource management as a key to achieving organizational goals through a case study of the Owerri plant of Nigeria Bottling Company PLC. The particular aims are to:
study the nature of human resource management at the Owerri factory of Nigeria Bottling Company PLC.
Examine the impact of human resource management on the achievement of organizational goals at the Owerri factory of Nigeria Bottling Company PLC.
Identify the difficulties facing human resource management at the Owerri factory of Nigeria Bottling Company PLC.
1.4. Research Concerns
The study aims to address the following issues:
What is the nature of human resource management at the Owerri factory of Nigeria Bottling Company PLC?
What effect does human resource management have on the achievement of organizational goals at the Owerri factory of Nigeria Bottling Company PLC?
What are the problems affecting human resource management at the Owerri factory of Nigeria Bottling Company PLC?
1.5 Scientific Hypotheses
The research is based on the following hypotheses:
There is no significant correlation between human resource management and the attainment of organizational goals at the Owerri factory of Nigeria Bottling Company PLC.
1.6. Importance of the Research
The primary objectives of every organization are efficiency and effectiveness, which cannot be attained without acknowledging the importance of human resource management. This is due to the fact that poorly designed human resource management is utterly ineffective in achieving organizational objectives. This applies to the manufacturing sector and Nigeria Bottling Company PLC in particular.
This research is crucial for determining the significance and effect of human resource management on productivity at Nigeria Bottling Company PLC. This study will be significant to Nigeria bottling company PLC since it will help guide the company’s management on how to function, treat its employees, and determine the type and quantity of staff required. It will educate them the significance of human resource management and how to acquire manpower. It will also aid management in extracting maximum value from personnel.
It is believed that the exploration of Nigeria bottling company PLC would give investors and government with a comprehensive understanding of the operations of the manufacturing industry. This research will be useful to;
Academia: Academia members will find the study relevant because it will serve as a basis for future research and a reference tool for academic publications.
This study will inform the government on developments in the manufacturing industry. The growth of the industry might be ensured by formulating and implementing policies based on these findings.
Investors, particularly those with an interest in research, as it will inform their private investing decisions.
This study’s conclusion will educate the company’s management on the implications of human resource management.
1.6. Range of the Research
The research focuses on effective human resource management as the key to achieving organizational objectives. A case study of the Owerri factory of the Nigerian bottling business PLC in 2020 employing junior and senior staff members. The location of the Owerri Plant is Plot 326, New Industrial Layout, Coca-Cola Bus Stop, Owerri, Imo state.
1.7. Definition of Terms for Operations
The following terms have been operationally defined.
Manpower is the sum total of all available workers; the labor force.
Human resource management is the process through which organizations manage their employees and help them grow in order to achieve their missions and goals.
Human resource planning is defined as a methodical approach to the effective recruitment, retention, and deployment of an organization’s personnel.
1.9 Design of the Research
This study consists of five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which includes the study’s context, problem statement, research questions, research hypotheses, aims, importance, scope, and constraints, as well as the study’s structure. The second chapter examines the literature review, which includes conceptual literature, theoretical literature, empirical literature, and a theoretical framework. The third chapter describes the research methodology, including research design, population of study, sample size, sampling strategy, method of data collecting, instrument of data analysis, method of data analysis, and instrument validity/reliability. The fourth chapter contains the presentation and analysis of data, as well as a discussion of the findings. The fifth chapter contains a summary, conclusion, and recommendations.
EFFECTIVE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AS A KEY TO ATTAINING ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS
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