EFFECTS OF MILITANCY ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE NIGERIA STATE
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EFFECTS OF MILITANCY ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE NIGERIA STATE
ABSTRACT
For many years, the Military and Civilian Governments have repressed the Niger Delta Region. This study looks at the impact of militancy on the development of Nigeria’s states. It drew on secondary sources like books, journals, and newspaper stories. It concentrates on the destruction and negative caused by the militant’s action. Also, make an attempt to fix the crises.
This is mostly accomplished through the creation of jobs and the equitable distribution of resources. As a result, the report suggests that YarAdua’s administration construct a welfare package for the people of the Niger Delta as soon as possible by creating jobs and developing companies in the region.
CHAPITRE ONE
INTRODUCTION
The Niger Delta conflict has produced a diverse range of characters. Harold Dappa Biriye, Adako Boro, and Henry Okah, popularly known as Jomo Abomo are among those who have advocated for improved treatment of this oil-rich region (Ademola, 2009. 30).
With the arrest of Henry Okah while on an expedition to obtain fire arms in Angola, Government Edpoemupolo, aka Tompolo, has quickly become the most feared and influential warlord in the Niger Delta region (Ademola 2009).
Tompolo’s dread is the beginning of wisdom, and even governors avoid him in the cause of peace (Ademola, 2009).Angola has surpassed Nigeria as Africa’s largest oil producer due to the lawlessness that reigns in the Niger Delta in the form of oil theft, kidnapping of expatriate oil workers, fellow Nigerians, and sabotage of oil installations.
Tokunbo (2009), 34.Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited (SPDC) is the largest oil and gas exploration and production company in the Niger Delta, with 5% owned by Nigeria National Petroleum Cooperation, 30% owned by Shell, and 5% owned by Agip.
Shell Petroleum Development Company was awarded an exploration licence in 1938 and discovered the first commercial oil field in the Niger Delta at Oloibiri in 1956, leading to the first oil shipment in 1958. (Ogbe, 2006). The Niger Deltans are people who live along the country’s coast. This people is naturally endowed with mineral resources, particularly oil.
The oil is meant to be a boon to the inhabitants of the region, but with what is happening now, the opposite is true. Since the country’s return to democracy in 1999, violence and criminality in the Niger Delta have increased. Why is this so? Because of marginalisation. The majority of Niger Delta residents are farmers and fishermen.
Since the beginning of oil exploration, oil spills in the area have caused damage to the aquatic life of plants, farm products, and fish in the rivers. This operation has impacted the residents of the Niger Delta region,
particularly those living in the stream, and they are finding it difficult. Many of them are suffering from a shortage of food, a bad road, no water, and no electricity;
as a result, many began to cry out, “What is the meaning of this?” And marginalisation in Niger Delta communities, where over 90% of the country’s substance and revenue creation is derived (Adebanwi, 2001). Unfortunately, many of them are impoverished and cannot afford three square meals a day.
These concerns of neglect have been ongoing for decades, resulting in a massive crisis in the Niger Delta region. This dilemma manifests itself in numerous ways. Pipeline vandalism, murder, and kidnapping have all occurred.Ademola, 2009.
Apparently, the issue of militancy in the Niger Delta has recently taken a severe turn since the establishment of democratic governance in 1999. It was absolutely when Delta State’s then-government began emphasising resource control that the youngsters’ eyes were opened.
“That was the origin of the problem in the Niger Delta” (Nwosu 2009). The residents of the Niger Delta face numerous challenges. Over the years, armed organisations have developed, claiming a larger piece of Nigeria’s oil wither for oil-bearing villages in the region.
The Niger Delta People Volunteer Force (NDPVF), led by Alhaji Mujaahid Asari Dokunbo, was imprisoned and charged with treason under the government of former President Olusegun Obasanjo (Nwosu, 2009).
1.1 Statement of the Problem
The current crisis and war-like scenario in the Niger Delta, particularly in the creek, has been so tense that one must be extremely cautious when analysing cause and effect. The insurgent activity in the Niger Delta has caused things to go wrong,
affecting the nation economically, politically, and socially (Ogbe, 2009).Whether the government likes it or not, this statement remains true. As a result, the paper will provide answers to the following questions.
What is to blame for the increase in militancy activities since 1999? • Who exactly are they? And what do they desire? • What are the next steps? 1.2 Study Objective The overarching goal of this project effort is to investigate the root causes of growing militancy in the Niger Delta. Other goals include:
i. discovering who these folks are and what they desire. b. Raise government and militancy knowledge of the dangers of a catastrophe. The rise of armed organisations in the Niger Delta has had disastrous ramifications for the country. In fact, the political and economic ramifications are huge.
According to a recent report by the Niger Delta Technical Committee, Nigeria lost N3.9 trillion, or $23.7 billion, in oil revenue to militants between January and November 2008. N3.3 trillion of the amount represents losses as a result of production shutdowns, pipeline vandalism, and oil theft, also known as illegal oil bunkary.
Nigeria also lost $3 billion to sea pirates between January and July 2008 (Olajide, 2009). In addition, Nigerian crude oil production has decreased by at least 20%, since some major oil businesses in the region have been compelled to shut down production at some of their facilities.
At times, rogue militants with heavy weapons have bombed such installations, causing the government to be unable to meet its crude oil export limit for many mouths. The hostage taking and kidnapping of expatriate oil workers and their local counterparts has also done a catastrophic blow to the country’s image.
As a result, not many foreigners are prepared to foot on the Niger Delta. For example, in July, the United States president, Barack Obama, is visiting Lina in Africa, the first American president embarking on, and Nigeria was not mentioned.
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