Effects Of Phoenix Dactyliferaon Some Reproductive Organs And Hormonal Profiles Of Male Wistar Rats
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Effects Of Phoenix Dactyliferaon Some Reproductive Organs And Hormonal Profiles Of Male Wistar Rats
ABSTRACT
Phoenix dactylifera (Date palm) belongs to the Arecaceae family, and its leaves, barks, pits, fruits, and pollens contain anticancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties.
It’s high in antioxidants, vitamins, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and simple sugars.The study aimed to assess the effects of an aqueous extract of dry date palm fruit on some reproductive organs and hormonal profiles in male Wistar rats.
Twenty (20) male Wistar rats were split into four groups of five each. Group I served as the control and received distilled water, while three (3) experimental groups (II, III, and IV) were treated with an aqueous extract of Phoenix dactylifera at 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg body weight, respectively, orally once daily for 35 days.
At the end of the experiment, the Wistar rats were slaughtered by cervical dislocation, and blood samples were taken via heart puncture for hormonal analysis [testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH)].
Semen was taken from the right epididymis and counted; smears were prepared and stained with cresyl violent and fuelgen stain for sperm morphology. The testes, left epididymis, seminal vesicles, and prostate glands were dissected, weighed, and processed for light microscopic examination.
Morphometric analysis was performed to determine seminiferous tube diameter, interstitial size, and epididymal epithelial thickness.In rats treated with Phoenix dactylifera extract, serum testosterone levels, sperm count, sperm motility, and spermmorphology decreased significantly (P≤0.05), as did the size of interstices and epididymal epithelial thickness, distortion of spermatogenic cells, epididymal epithelium, and prostate gland, and degeneration of Leydig cells.
FSH and LH levels were unaffected. In conclusion, the aqueous extract of dry date palm fruit has the potential to cause infertility in male Wistar rats by disrupting Leydig cells, lowering blood testosterone levels, sperm count, motility, and morphology.
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