EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON SMALL BUSINESS ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE
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ABSTRACT
This empirical study assessed the impact of environmental conditions on the performance of small businesses: an examination of Jemok table water in Delta state. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of environmental issues on small businesses and to propose solutions to environmental challenges. This study’s aims were to evaluate the environmental factors that impact Jemok table water in Delta state and to determine the extent to which environmental factors impact Jemok table water in Delta state. The scope of this study is Jemok table water in 2019, utilizing both senior and junior staff members, and the foundation is the theory of contingency management. This study employs a survey methodology, and the population of interest consists of all 50 employees at Jemok table water. 44 employees were selected as the sample size, and cluster sampling was utilized. The questionnaire is the instrument utilized in this investigation. The data acquired came from original sources. The examination of the data reveals that environmental variables such as infrastructure and tax policy have a significant impact on the presence of small businesses in Nigeria; environmental factors have a significant impact on the existence of small businesses in Nigeria. Following the findings, it was advised that the government provide infrastructure facilities and offer tax breaks to small businesses, and that small businesses consider environmental considerations while making management decisions and formulating strategies. The study shows that environmental factors have a significant impact on the survival of small businesses.
Small business, environmental factors, business performance, Nigeria, Jemok table water are keywords.
FIRST PART
INTRODUCTION
1.1. Context of the Study
Small businesses are without a doubt the engine of economic expansion, poverty alleviation, job creation, and crime prevention. They form a considerable share of enterprises globally and play an important role in every economy. The long-term sustainability of small businesses is hindered by a number of environmental constraints. The failure rate of small businesses in developing countries is higher than in developed nations, according to available data (Marlow, 2009).
For a business to achieve its goals, its capacity to achieve its key performance indicator in a sustainable manner is of utmost importance (Simerly and Mingfanf, 2000; Wan and Yiu, 2009). The business climate has a significant impact on the success or failure of a company. According to Dionco-Adetayo and Adetayo (2003), a healthy company cannot survive in an unstable environment. Since business receives input resources from the business environment and sends output to the environment, business has a positive impact on the environment (Oluremi and Gbenga, 2011).
Small businesses can be positively or negatively impacted by environmental variables. Ukaegbu (2004) remarked that the modern world is growing more dynamic and competitive, and as small businesses do not operate in a vacuum, they both influence and are influenced by environmental factors. Therefore, businesses must take environmental opportunities and limits into account.
Despite their significant role, significance, and contribution to the nation’s economy, small business firms continue to face numerous challenges. They encounter major obstacles that hinder their capacity to operate and contribute optimally to the economy. Internal and external environmental elements, such as administrative/legal considerations, socio-cultural factors, political issues, economic factors, business entity size, organizational features, and commitment, have a significant impact on the growth of small businesses.
Small businesses account for approximately 90% of the industrial sector in Nigeria, as well as 70% of industrial employment and 10% of manufacturing production (Ajayi, 2002). According to Anwatu (2006), 75% of the private sector in Nigeria is controlled by small-scale businesses. Developing the private sector is a driver of economic growth, wealth generation, and job creation in Nigeria.
The performance of small companies in Nigeria falls short of expectations (Basil, 2005 and Abiodun, 2011). This could be explained by environmental influences. Adeoye (2012) opines that in order for a firm to deal with the dynamic nature of the environment, it must design and implement strategies that would safeguard its operations. Consequently, this study evaluates the effect of environmental factors on the performance of small businesses in Nigeria.
1.2 Description of the Research Problem
In order to alleviate poverty, unemployment, and crime, and to promote economic progress, the survival of small businesses is regarded as vital in any country. There is inadequacy in the performance of small business enterprises in their roles of economic growth, job creation, and poverty alleviation; thus, there are obstacles to small businesses attaining their targeted objectives.
As a result of failing to evaluate environmental elements that affect their prospects of long-term survival, the majority of businesses endure a steady loss in their ability to survive. In Nigeria, environmental variables such as inadequate infrastructure, insecurity, poor policy execution, a high tax rate, and structural change, among others, hinder the success of small businesses.
In the Jemok table water factory in Delta state, the capacity to establish and maintain a competitive edge is contingent on the availability of appropriate techniques to safeguard its operations. In this context, the researcher evaluated the impact of environmental factors on the performance of small businesses: a study of Jemok table water in the state of Delta.
1.3. Aims of the research
This study’s objective was to evaluate the impact of environmental conditions on the performance of small businesses in the state of Delta. The particular aims are to:
Analyze the environmental factors affecting Jemok table water in Delta state.
Determine the impact of environmental conditions on Jemok table water in Delta State.
1.4. Research Concerns
The following research questions will serve as the basis for this study:
What environmental factors impact Jemok table water in the state of Delta?
How much do environmental factors impact Jemok table water in Delta state?
1.5. Importance of the Research
The importance of small businesses to the success or prosperity of any nation is discussed. This is because environmental variables hinder the ability of small businesses to reach their objectives. This applies to the manufacturing industry and Jemok table water specifically. As environmental conditions affect the degree of productivity, they impede the achievement of such vital economic goals for small businesses.
This study is conducted empirically to evaluate the environmental parameters that influence the performance of Jemok table water so as to alleviate the company’s poor production issue.
This study is significant for Jemok table water since it will assist in guiding the management of Jemok table water as to how it can function. It will educate them the significance of environmental concerns and the essentials of corporate environment strategy. It will also assist management in maximizing the value of the business.
This study will be of the utmost relevance to investors, the government, and researchers since it will provide policy suggestions to the many Nigerian stakeholders for rapid capacity investment in the manufacturing industry. It is envisaged that the exploration of Jemok table water will give investors and government with a comprehensive understanding of water producing activities. It will contribute to the existing research on the issue by experimentally studying the influence that environmental factors play in small businesses in the United States. This research will be useful to;
Academia: Academia members will find the study relevant because it will serve as a basis for future research and a reference tool for academic publications.
This study will inform the government about the happenings in small business organizations. Formulation and implementation of policies based on these findings would guarantee the region’s development.
This study will also be useful for investors, particularly those with a research interest, as it will inform their private investment decisions.
This study’s conclusion will enlighten the company’s management on the impact of environmental issues.
1.6. Range of the Research
This study aims to evaluate the environmental elements that influence the performance of small businesses: a study of Jemok table water in the state of Delta in 2019 employing senior and junior staff members. Jemok table water is located at kilometer 8 along the Asaba-Benin express road and the Benin-Onitsha highway in Oshimili south, Delta, Nigeria.
1.7. Definition of Terms for Operations
The following terms have been operationally defined.
Small business enterprise: a business with a limited number of employees and a restricted flow of funds and materials. This implied the costs and components of Jemok table water.
Business performance is the efficiency and effectiveness of an organization as represented in the management-established business objectives. It contains a list of honors won by Jemok table water
Business environment factors: the sum of all external forces affecting the organization and its activities (Kotler and Armstrong, 2004).
1.8 Structure of the Study
This study consists of five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which includes the study’s context, problem statement, research questions, research hypotheses, aims, importance, scope, and constraints, as well as the study’s structure. The second chapter examines the literature review, which includes conceptual literature, theoretical literature, empirical literature, and a theoretical framework. The third chapter describes the research methodology, including research design, population of study, sample size, sampling strategy, method of data collecting, instrument of data analysis, method of data analysis, and instrument validity/reliability. The fourth chapter contains the presentation and analysis of data, as well as a discussion of the findings. The fifth chapter provides a summary, conclusion, and recommendations.
EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON SMALL BUSINESS ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE
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