IMPACT OF COMPUTERIZATION IN MICROFINANCE BANK
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IMPACT OF COMPUTERIZATION IN MICROFINANCE BANK
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of microfinance bank computerization in Nsukka urban. The study design employed was a cross-sectional survey. Eighty (80) people from the study’s population were sampled. To direct the investigation, five research questions were posed.
The instrument used to collect data was a structured questionnaire that was validated by lectures, and the instrument used to analyse the data was statistical means. The study’s findings indicated that computerization has a significant impact on microfinance banks.
It helps with bank documentation, improves customer loan interactions, and helps with credit preparation and processing. It also reduces the need for bulky documents to be kept in the bank,
ensures safer information storage, and lessens staff workload associated with checking balances. Finally, it speeds up the financial system.
CHAPITER 1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
By using computers to prepare various sorts of accounts, handle client statement of accounts, send money, and disburse cash, micro finance bank has had an impact on Nsukka urban.
Microfinance banking presently employs the manual banking procedures that were used prior to the introduction of computers into the banking system.
According to Akukwe (2003), bank cheques began using the magnetic ink character recognition (M.T.C.R.) method as early as the 1950s. In today’s banks, microfinance banks are still in operation.
However, automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic fund transfer (EFT) systems utilise the most recent computer technology in the banking sector.
Your pay stubs are easily deposited into your account as part of an electronic funds transfer, and your regular monthly payments are made on your behalf automatically.
Once more, money can be readily transferred from savings to pay for the checks you’ve written to people or organisations in relation to the purchases you made or the donations you announced.
An automated teller machine, or A.T.M., is a specialised computer terminal located in locations like the interior and outside of banks, supermarkets, shopping centres, and hotels to facilitate quick and efficient deposits and withdrawals of money. Customers can move money between accounts using this arrangement without visiting the bank.
According to Robinson (2001), microfinance banks offer small-scale financial services, primarily credit and savings, to people who farm, fish, or herd, operate small businesses, or provide services;
they also rent out small amounts of land, vehicles, draught animals, machinery, and tools to other people and groups at the local level in developing nations, both rural and urban. Ndiaye (2005) argued that access to these services is crucial.
The history of microfinance banks is still being written in the majority of developed nations. It will be challenging to do so in many nations due to a lack of a written record.
This makes it challenging to develop upon the currently existing ones, which are primarily informal microfinance foundations, and learn from prior experience.
For instance, only Nigeria is an African nation south of the Sahara where microfinance is known to have existed at least 500 years ago, primarily in the form of rotating savings and credit associations. In Yoruba culture, they are referred to as “Esusu” in Nigeria. Now a common phrase in many west African nations.
According to the respondent, members of their immediate family are more likely to associate with their group than members of other ethnic groups. This supports Zellers et al.’s (2001) observation that about half of group members are linked to one another.
Since point liability and group cohesion acted as collateral for group members to get microcredit from microfinance NGOs, significant importance is put on known information about potential members (Zellers et al., 2001).
The gender distribution of the respondents revealed that there were significantly more females (57%) than males (43%), supporting the findings of UNCDF (1997) and Adebayo (1997).
According to Olomola (2001) and Adyeye (2003), the majority of microfinance NGOs’ members are women, who together with children make up the group most susceptible to poverty. As a result, providing microloans in the region is really a poverty alleviation project.
The Esusu were investigated in 1934 by British cooperative specialist C.F. Strickland as a potential model for contemporary cooperative organisations in western Nigeria. He assumed that the Esusu must have been brought from India because he had previously worked in India where he had encountered revolving funds.
Which he believed to be a higher culture at some unknown time, and came to the conclusion that in order to further this cause,
it would be better to import cooperative from England rather than modernising the Esusu/Strickland ordinance, which the co-operative organisation adopted in 1935 and which was fashioned after British colonies in Africa.
Only in eastern Nigeria did financial cooperatives thrive thanks to educated cooperative officers who urged them to build on the common Esusu.
In the Igbo form of the Esusu, the Esusu was given a legal and administrative framework. If their origins had not been misinterpreted, Isusu, Adashi, Bam, and whatever else ROSCAS is known as among 350 ethnic groups.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Recent client satisfaction with the services provided by microfinance banks has been little or nonexistent. According to Akwkwe (2003), accountants used to spend countless hours performing tedious calculations and recalculations before the development of the computer.
Today, the accountant’s suitable pencil, paper, and calculator are replaced by the computerised spread sheet page. The use of an electronic formula and a computer has made it possible for an accountant to easily calculate every aspect of accounting work, including tracking pay-roll income and expenses.
To the advantage of the people of Nsukka, computerization in microfinance banks in the city of Nsukka has not yet been modernised.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This study’s main goal is to determine how the computer has affected the microfinance bank in Nsukka urban.
1. To gauge the extent of microfinance banking’s manual performance.
2. To determine how computerization has affected the microfinance bank in Nsukka.
3. Identify other computerised improvements to banking procedures.
4. To assess the microfinance bank’s financial strength and readiness for adopting computerization.
5. Benefits of IT and computerization.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The goal of this research project is to establish computerised banking solutions that will be advantageous to microfinance institutions as well as customers.
It is also encouraging that following research, the accumulated knowledge of computer, internet, and information technology for performing their services has been replaced with quick and simple technology that also increases the effectiveness of their services.
As a result, since they will be competing with other commercial banks, microfinance banks will draw sizable deposits.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This investigation is aimed to include all microloan institutions in the Nsukka urban area. However, it is not feasible to access every location and gather data there.
This study is therefore conducted, but with a case study of a microfinance bank in the Nsukka urban area.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. How has computerization aided microfinance institutions in enhancing their banking services?
2. What effects has computerization had in Nsukka City?
3. In what other ways may the microfinance bank in Nsukka Urban use computers to enhance services?
4. How prepared is Nsukka Urban’s microfinance bank for the introduction of computerization?
5. How has computerization improved financial services at microfinance institutions?
DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. Science is an organised body of information about a particular topic, especially one that has to do with social or behavioural aspects of people.
2. Computer: This electronic device can organise information, perform calculations, and command other equipment.
3. Machine: A machine is a device created to make it simpler to execute a specific task.
4. The process of computerising an industry (i.e., providing a computer for the industry) is known as computerization.
5. Computerised: This refers to using a computer to carry out a task.
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