IMPACT OF MAMMY MARKET ON THE LIVELIHOOD OF MILITARY PERSONNEL IN THE BARRACKS WITH REFERENCE TO SOBI CANTONMENT ILORIN
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IMPACT OF MAMMY MARKET ON THE LIVELIHOOD OF MILITARY PERSONNEL IN THE BARRACKS WITH REFERENCE TO SOBI CANTONMENT ILORIN
Chapter one
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background for the Study
Throughout history, every community has confronted the fundamental economic challenge of determining what to produce and for whom in a world with finite resources (Alderson 1962).
In the twentieth century, two rival economic systems, essentially speaking, produced quite different answers: command economies led by a centralised government and market economies based on private enterprise.
At the close of the twentieth century, it was evident to people all over the world that the central, command economy model had failed to sustain economic growth, attain a measure of prosperity, or even guarantee economic security for its residents.
Despite its demonstrated successes in cultures ranging from Western Europe to North America and Asia, many people are unfamiliar with or misunderstand the fundamental concepts and mechanisms of the alternative, a market economy.
This is due in part to the fact that the market economy is not an ideology, but rather a set of time-tested techniques and institutions for individuals and communities to live and grow economically.
Market economies are inherently decentralised, flexible, practical, and adaptable. The essential feature regarding market economies is that there is no centre (Alderson 1962). Indeed, one of the earliest analogies for the private economy is the “invisible hand.”
Market economies may be practical, but they also rely on the fundamental principle of individual freedom: freedom as a consumer to choose between competing products and services; freedom as a producer to start or expand a business and share its risks and rewards;
and freedom as a worker to choose a job or career, join a labour union, or change employers (Aspinwall, 1958). This affirmation of freedom, risk, and opportunity unites modern market economy and political democracy.
Market economies are not without inequities and abuses, many of which are serious; however, it is undeniable that modern private enterprise and the entrepreneurial spirit, combined with political democracy, offer the best chance of preserving freedom and providing the broadest avenues for economic growth and prosperity for all.
Every government, regardless of economic system, is responsible for providing adequate security to the country’s population. This protection is provided by the command of such country’s armed forces.
Nigeria, as a growing country, is consequently in line with other countries in terms of providing security services to its residents in order to create a positive living environment.
It is based on this premise that military personnel require a high level of well-being in order to transform the country’s security services. Nigerian military soldiers continue to be a vital arm force in containing and mitigating insecurity concerns amidst the country’s intense political and social instability.
As a result, soldiers and their families must benefit from all of the benefits provided by the barracks, demonstrating that the mammy market must meet all economic requirements in order to improve military personnel’s livelihoods.
Mammy market, derived from mini-market, is a Nigerian term for a cluster of relaxation areas in military and paramilitary units that are most active in the evenings and at night. Mammy market readily supplies a variety of meals, beverages, and other services unique to areas populated by military or paramilitary people.
The mammy market at Sobi Barracks, located in the ilorin District of Kwaara state, is a must-see for those looking for fun and tasty food, including pepper soup, fish and pork BBQ, and other specialties.
Furthermore, there are numerous other stalls where pleasure seekers and visitors can evaluate garments, food, medicinal items, and craftsmen ranging from fashion designers, beauty salons, and cobblers, among others, to make purchases or acquire various services.
Commodity markets are an important part of every economy. This is the market in which almost all home commodities are traded. The Oxford Advance Dictionary of Economics defines a commodity market as a place or institution where commodities are traded.
Markets were initially sites or structures where traders gathered to compare prices and quantities. In layman’s terms, a market is a location where goods such as food are purchased and sold.
A notable example of this is the mammy market, where food items such as rice, beans, yam, and spaghetti are bought and sold, and services are provided appropriately. It is a market where almost everyone, including military and civilian workers, trades, but it is built inside the barracks.
Nigeria’s military is the largest in West Africa, although it is far less capable than its size and weapons inventory suggest. A considerable portion of the Army is capable of little more than basic defensive operations, while the majority of Nigeria’s ships and planes are inoperable.
The military leadership, from junior to senior levels, recognises the role that the Armed Forces play as Nigeria’s most effective national institution and the primary one committed to its unification.
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
This is a major contributory factor to Nigeria’s level of insecurity, and it can be attributed to a number of factors, including insufficient funding for military personnel and other security agencies, a lack of modern weapons and training equipment, poor security personnel welfare, and insufficient military personnel (Achumba et al. 2013).
According to Olonisakin (2008), Nigeria’s military-population ratio is 1:450, which is below the United Nations norm. This implies that Nigeria is grossly undermilitarized, which contributes to the Nigerian military’s incapacity to successfully confront national terrorist and criminal activity in the country.
As a vast, complicated organisation, the Nigerian military features a lot of contradictions, inconsistencies, and internal disjunctions. It is West Africa’s largest and most capable military, with significant external deployments under ECOWAS and the AU, as well as massive UN PKO commitments.
At the same time, chronic under-resourcing has resulted in low operational preparedness, insufficient training, and relatively poor service conditions. These issues, combined with widespread corruption, have turned the Nigerian military into a hollow giant relying solely on its reputation — more capable than any other force in the sub-region,
but far less capable than it should be, despite having tens of thousands of troops and a large stockpile of major weapons systems and other equipment. A large portion of the force’s heart — the Army’s 25 infantry battalions, which total 60,000 soldiers — can only perform basic defensive operations.
In contrast to the declining costs of products and services in Nigeria, the prices of foodstuffs in the Nigerian commodity market have risen. Since the crisis began in Nigeria, food prices have risen at an unprecedented rate,
contrary to what appears to be typical of every economic collapse. This economic volatility influences the prices of goods and services in the mammy market, resulting in a relatively low purchasing power for military men in the barracks.
1.3 Research Question.
As a result of the Nigerian barracks mammy market’s contradictory response to the current economic downturn against the global commodity market, the following questions will be asked throughout this work to determine how the current mammy market has contributed to the livelihood of military personnel in Nigerian barracks.
1. Are the pricing of goods and services charged in the mammy market acceptable to military troops at Sobi Barracks?
2. Is Mammy Market an important venue or meeting for gathering information about economic issues?
3. Is the degree of credit opportunity and the hours of operation provided by the mammy market suitable to military troops, resulting in maximum livelihood in the barracks?
1.4 Objective of the Study
1.4 The overarching goal of this research is to investigate the impact of the mammy market on the life of military soldiers in barracks, with a focus on Sobi cantonment Ilorin. Other specific objectives include:
1. Determine whether the pricing of goods and services charged in the mammy market are advantageous to military men in the barracks.
2. Investigate the effect of Sobi mammy market on the livelihood of military soldiers in Sobi cantonment barracks.
1.5 Justification for the Study
The rising cost of food in Nigeria is causing concern, even in conditions like this (economic and political turmoil), when prices are falling. The price of foodstuffs is growing. This condition might be described as a threat because food prices in Nigeria have become an irreversible cycle (Prof. AbdullahiAngo 2010).
The goal of this study is to explain the many causes of this increase. Examining the sources of food supply into Nigerian mammy markets is another area that this effort will investigate in order to gain a thorough knowledge of the food situation in Nigeria.
1.5 Hypotheses.
Hypothesis One.
H0:α0 = 0: Do military soldiers in the barracks pay higher rates for goods and services at the mammy market?
Hypothesis Two
H0:α0 = 0: The mammy market has no substantial impact on the livelihood of military soldiers at Sobi cantonment barracks.
1.6 Scope of Study
This research would look into the impact of mammy markets on the livelihoods of military personnel in the barracks, utilising a case study of Sobi cantonment Ilorin, mammy market, which is a district in Ilorin Local Government Area, Kwara State.
Among other mammy markets in Nigerian army barracks, the study will focus on the Sobi cantonment in Ilorin, which will serve as a proxy for all mammy markets.
This study is constrained by time constraints and has disregarded other elements that have an impact on the livelihood of military people other than the mammy market.
1.7 Structure of the Study
1.7This research would be organised into five chapters. The first chapter would include the introduction, a summary of the research problem, and research questions.
This chapter would also include the study’s aims, as well as the basis for the study and the hypothesis that the work wants to investigate. The final section of the first chapter would discuss the study’s scope and limitations.
1.7The second chapter would be a literature review, in which topics such as conceptual literature, theoretical framework, and empirical literature would be examined.
The third chapter would be about research methodology, which would include topics like data sources, population, data analysis methods, and so on.
The fourth chapter would be dedicated to data presentations and analyses. The fifth chapter would include conclusions and recommendations.
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