IN NIGERIA, IMPACT OF POVERTY ON HUMAN SECURITY
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IN NIGERIA, IMPACT OF POVERTY ON HUMAN SECURITY
ABSTRACT
One could argue that the social system’s structures, which don’t function equally for all of its members, are to blame for insecurity. Despite significant attempts by the government, foreign organisations, and non-governmental youngsters to end the menace in the nation, this phenomena has emerged as a persistent issue among Nigerian youth.
This study, which looked at how poverty affected insecurity in Akwa Ibom State, aimed to identify the problem’s underlying causes. The study was conducted in accordance with the Relative Deprivation Theory and included structured interviews and questionnaires as well as primary and secondary data gathering methods.
Simple descriptive statistical techniques were used to produce the data for the study. The investigation into the relationship between poverty and the pervasiveness of insecurity in Akwa Ibom State.
The study suggests that the government and key stakeholders work together in a complete synergy to address poverty and reduce insecurity in Akwa Ibom State.
The capacity of NAPTIP, pertinent law enforcement agencies, and traditional institutions should be strengthened in order to coordinate and maintain a strong security network that will track down criminals and other offenders, report them for arrest, and prosecute them.
This will act as a deterrent and reduce the level of insecurity in Akwa Ibom State. The study also suggests that the teaching and promotion of Nigeria’s history, national core values of patriotism and nationalism,
and their incorporation into the national school curriculum, be given priority in order to inspire youths and the entire Nigerian population to believe in themselves and their country and to deter an excessive desire for illegal activities.
CHAPITER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
According to many theorists and scholars, there are many different types of explanations for crime. Some attribute it to dysfunctional family dynamics or stalled personality development. Others highlight elements including inequality, environmental influence, and inadequate socialisation (Henslin, 2006).
In this regard, a variety of unforeseeable events and circumstances may lead to feelings of unease. According to Taylor (2006),
crime can be viewed as a social system flaw whose institutions don’t function equitably for all of its members. Sociologists study the social contexts in which people live.
Could it be that the issue wasn’t with the person specifically but rather with their current social situation? The question at hand is why people would act in a way that goes against accepted standards and could ultimately lead to their being classified as insecure in terms of social processes.
According to the crime index, the majority of those known to perpetrate street crimes are impoverished, illiterate, frequently jobless, and residents of low-income areas (Anasi, 2021).
Would someone who is morally upright and financially secure end up becoming criminal? In order to make conclusions about the relationship between low socioeconomic position (poor) and insecurity,
it is necessary in this study project to understand the socioeconomic background of the majority of juvenile offenders.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
In Akwa Ibom State, the focus of this study is on how poverty affects insecurity. According to the 2021 national poverty figures, 70% of Nigeria’s population is considered to be poor, with Akwa Ibom State having the highest percentage of impoverished residents in the nation at more than 80%.
Peer pressure, which may be a social factor that causes adolescents to adopt certain behaviours in order to fit in with others and may have an impact on criminal behaviour, may be a cause of delinquent behaviour, according to the researcher,
who entered this type of research after observing the unwholesome behaviour that youths exhibit and places a burden on parents, school administrators and teachers, and society. As a result, the study explores how poverty and insecurity interact in Akwa Ibom State.
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
What kind of security is there in Akwa Ibom State?
What effect does poverty have on crime in Akwa Ibom State?
3. What are the contributing elements to the high levels of insecurity in Akwa Ibom State?
What are some potential remedies for the widespread insecurity in Akwa Ibom State?
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
These are some of the goals of this research project:
To provide a quantitative examination of how poverty affects insecurity.
To investigate the reasons why young people commit crimes.
To determine why crime is more prevalent in various places and among particular societal groupings.
To determine some strategies the society can use to combat the crime issue.
1.5 RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER STUDIES
This study is concerned with how poverty affects insecurity in Akwa Ibom State. This basically offers a different viewpoint for a critical analysis of the phenomenon of insecurity as a problem that requires proactive and preventive measures.
Aimed at addressing the root cause rather than a curative approach that focuses more on arresting, deporting, and prosecuting of perpetrators and other symptomatic effects of insecurity.
This study’s contribution to the body of literature is primarily intended to fill in any gaps or potential pitfalls in the institutional approach currently in place to reduce the prevalence of insecurity in Akwa Ibom State.
An approach that focuses more on the symptoms than the underlying causes of insecurity in the nation. The emphasis on preventive approaches in this study will greatly aid in tackling the underlying causes of insecurity in Akwa Ibom State.
Additionally, the study’s emphasis on the creation of a comprehensive synergy between the government and pertinent stakeholders with a goal of ending poverty is in fact an effective strategy that will strengthen the enforcement of pertinent laws to successfully prosecute offenders.
Empower the populace, and trigger a ripple or multiplier effect capable of resolving the socioeconomic and other pertinent issues that maintain insecurity in Akwa Ibom State.
The study also contributes to raising awareness of the gravity and significance of insecurity as a problem affecting all members of society as opposed to just female prostitutes, a specific ethnic group, or a few states in Nigeria.
It is, thus, a different perspective from the one-sided or long-held default position that insecurity is a problem that only affects a portion of the population in Nigeria.
1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
The study primarily examines how poverty affects insecurity in Akwa Ibom State. The researcher had to travel to Nigeria’s Akwa Ibom to the Zonal Command of the National Agency for the Prohibition of Crime in Persons and Other Related Matters (NAPTIP) in order to complete the study.
However, a thorough examination of all pertinent factors that contribute to the prevalence of insecurity in Nigeria would have offered a broader and more comprehensive approach to the research problem, given that a number of factors other than poverty may be to blame for the problem.
Such a strategy would be overly ambitious and impractical given the parameters and time constraints of this research.
However, the results of this study offer helpful approaches, solutions, and pertinent topics for public discussion, which will serve as the foundation for future studies with a wider scope and a longer time frame.
1.7 CHAPTER ORGANISATION
Five chapters make up this study project; the first chapter covers the introduction, and the second chapter covers the literature review and theoretical framework. The research methodology is the main topic of the third chapter.
The display, analysis, and interpretation of data are the main topics of the fourth chapter. The study’s summary, conclusion, and suggestions are presented in the fifth chapter.
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