INFLUENCE OF CLASS SIZE AND AVAILABILITY OF RESOURCES ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN COMPUTER SCIENCE IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL IN IBADAN SOUTH WEST LGA
ABSTRACT
This study focused on the impact of class size and resource availability on the academic achievement of junior secondary school pupils in the Ibadan South West local government region. This study sought to determine the effect of class size and resource availability on student academic attainment.
The researcher made an effort to evaluate books, journals, and other materials relevant to the literature review’s many headings. The research population consisted of 80 students from four public secondary schools in the Ibadan South West local government area in the state of Oyo.
Questionnaires were utilized to collect data for this investigation. The data was examined using the SPSS software program. The acquired results reveal a substantial correlation between class size, resource availability, and academic accomplishment.
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Context of the Study
1.2 Description of the Problem
1.3 Aims of the Research
1.4 Research Concerns
1.5 Scientific Hypotheses
1.6 Importance of the Research
1.7 Range of the Research
1.8 Explanation of the Term
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Theoretical Structure
Concept of Class Size and Resource Availability
Components of Class size and resource availability
Concept of Academic Success
Class size, resource availability, and
Academic performance
Empirical Studies
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Population
The Sample and Sampling Method
Effectiveness of the Instrument
Pilot Testing
Performance of the Instrument
Methodology for Data Collection
Techniques for Data Analysis
chapter Four
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
Analysis
Hypothesis
Summary of Principal Findings
Discussion Summary of Findings
CHAPTER TWO
SYNOPSIS, CONCLUSION
AND RECOMMENDATION
Conclusion
Recommendations
Contributions to Learning
REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Research
Variables that affect students’ academic progress include class size and the availability of resources, such as classrooms, libraries, technical workshops, laboratories, instructors’ quality, school administration, instructional methods, and classmates (Ajayi, 2001 and Oluchukwu, 2000). Consequently, class size and resource availability should continue to be examined and effectively controlled to improve student academic attainment.
The low academic performance of Nigerian pupils has been a major concern for the government, parents, instructors, and students themselves. Class size and availability of resources, which include instructional spaces planning, administrative places planning, circulation spaces planning, spaces for conveniences planning, and accessories planning, are essential in ensuring the quality of education (Ajao, 2001).
In addition to the teachers’ performance, the quality of education depends on the effective coordination of class size and availability of resources. The amount to which student learning could be boosted is contingent upon their position within the school campus, the design of their classroom, and the availability of educational facilities and accessories. It is considered that a well-planned school will facilitate the desired social, political, and economic emancipation of students, as well as their successful teaching and learning processes and academic success.
The assertions of Williams, Persaud, and Turner (2008), citing Marsden (2005), that a safe and orderly classroom environment (aspect of instructional space) and school facilities (accessories) were significantly related to students’ academic achievement in schools relate this study to international events. In addition to citing Glassman (1994), the three researchers asserted that a pleasant and caring setting, among other interventions, contributed to the academic progress of pupils.
Teachers, students, and the learning process are impacted in several ways by the physical qualities of the school. Inadequate illumination, noise, high carbon dioxide levels, and unpredictable temperatures make teaching and learning challenging. Inadequate maintenance and ventilation systems result in poor health among students and teachers, which in turn leads to decreased productivity and increased absenteeism (Frazier, 2002)
Lyons, 2001; and Ostendorf, 2001). These factors can negatively impact student conduct and lead to increased levels of teacher dissatisfaction and a negative learning attitude among students. In addition to the direct effects that poor facilities have on students’ ability to learn, the combination of poor facilities, which create an uncomfortable and unwelcoming workplace for teachers, and frustrating student behavior, such as poor concentration and hyperactivity, lethargy, or apathy, creates stressful working conditions for teachers.
Because stress and job unhappiness are common precursors to decreased teacher enthusiasm, it is possible that the aforementioned features of school facilities have an effect on children’ academic performance.
Previous research has examined the association between inadequate class size and resource availability, such as problems with student-teacher ratio, school location, school population, classroom ventilation, poor lighting in classrooms, and inconsistent classroom temperatures, and student health problems, student behavior, and student achievement (Crandell & Smaldino, 2000; Davis, 2001; Johnson, 2001; Lyons, 2001; Moore, 2002; and others).
Stricherz, 2000; Tanner, 2000). To complement existing studies, the present research will investigate the impact of class size and resource availability on student performance in Nigerian schools.
1.2 Description of the Problem
Throughout his educational pursuits, a student encounters many obstacles. These issues have multiple facets. This study examines the impact of class size and resource availability on student academic achievement and potential solutions to the problem. The alarmingly bad performance on the examination is of utmost worry to the researcher, who views the study as essential.
The performance of junior secondary school students in private versus public schools changes due to environmental restrictions.
If instructional space, such as classrooms, libraries, technical workshops, and laboratories, is architecturally deficient, it may not be possible to ensure that students will succeed at high levels. However, little is known about the effect of class size and resource availability on the academic achievement of junior secondary school pupils in the Ibadan South West Local Government Area of Oyo State.
1.3 Aims of the Research
The following are the study’s objectives:
ascertain the impact of small class size on the performance of students in junior secondary schools in Oyo ascertain the impact of classroom building on the performance of students in junior secondary schools in Oyo ascertain the impact of the availability of resources on the performance of students in junior secondary schools in Oyo
1.4 Research Concerns
Regarding this investigation, the following questions are raised:
What effect does class size have on the academic achievement of pupils in Oyo State junior secondary schools?
What effect does classroom construction have on the academic achievement of junior high school students in Oyo State?
What effect does the provision of proper classroom equipment have on the academic achievement of junior high school pupils in Oyo State?
What effect does the availability of resources have on the academic achievement of junior high school pupils in Oyo State?
1.5 Investigational Hypotheses
The following are the hypotheses for the research:
There is no significant difference between the performance of students taught in small and large classes in Oyo. Similarly, there is no significant difference between the performance of students taught with and without instructional resources in Oyo.
1.6 Importance of the Research
It is hoped that this study would provide parents, educators, and school administrators with information to consider many elements that assist pupils in achieving their academic goals. In doing so, they can examine the likelihood of introducing these elements to their school, which may result in improved educational outcomes for kids. In addition, due to the fact that this study is conducted in computer science in junior high schools, it has many parallels with numerous other studies.
In this regard, this study serves as a helpful resource for other schools to reflect on how the school environment influences the academic accomplishment of secondary school students.
A case study of selected Junior Secondary schools in the Ibadan South West Local Government Area of Oyo State, this work would also serve as a stepping stone for other researchers seeking improved solutions to the problem of class size, availability of resources, and students’ academic achievement in junior secondary school business studies.
1.7 Scope of the Research
This work will cover four selected schools within the Ibadan South West Local Government Area.
The following are:
Awori College, South West Ibadan
Ibadan South West, Ajangbadi High School, Ajangbadi Oyo model college.
Community High School of Ibadan South West, Ibadan South West
The focus of this study is junior high school.
It is believed that the findings in these locations would serve as a good indicator of what occurs in other parts of the state and the federation, despite the fact that pupils face distinct environmental constraints.
1.8 Definition of the Term
An academy is a school or institution that provides specialized instruction.
Student refers to somebody who is eager to learn and participate in learning activities.
Environment is the whole of natural and artificial (manmade) phenomena that have direct and indirect effects on organisms.
Essentially, learning is the process of adapting to and bettering the environment. What is taught can be evaluated based on the characteristics of the individual’s behavior.
Performance refers to the act of putting on a play, concert, or other sort of entertainment.
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INFLUENCE OF CLASS SIZE AND AVAILABILITY OF RESOURCES ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN COMPUTER SCIENCE IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL IN IBADAN SOUTH WEST LGA