Influence Of Maternal Mortality On Community Development In Njikoka Local Government Area Of Anambra State
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Influence Of Maternal Mortality On Community Development In Njikoka Local Government Area Of Anambra State
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to assess the impact of maternal mortality on community development in Njikoka Local Government Area, Anambra State. The primary research questions developed for the study were as follows:
1. What are the causes of maternal mortality in Njikoka Local Government Area, Anambra State? 2. How does maternal mortality affect the economic growth of communities in Njikoka Government Area? 3.
How does maternal mortality affect educational growth in communities? 4. How does maternal mortality affect the social lives of a community?
5. How does maternal mortality affect human health and development? The study sampled 400 persons in Idemili Local Government Area, Anambra State, aged 18-51 years and above, using simple random selection.
Data was collected using a standardised questionnaire. The data was analysed using percentages, mean scores, and standard deviation to address research issues. The study’s hypothesis was examined using the z-test statistic.
The study’s findings included the following. 1. Section 1 of the questionnaire yields more responses from men than from women. 2. The majority of adults were between the ages of 41 and 45, with fewer being between 18 and 22 years old. 3.
he bulk of responders got WAEC or O/L certificates, with only a minority holding university qualifications. 4. Approximately 75% of the sampled population was married, with only 25% being single, engaged, divorced, or widowed. 5. Traders comprised around 45% of the sample population.
Chapter one
Introduction: 1.1 Background of the Study
Giving birth is the world’s most serious labour.
(Adamowore, 2001). While some nations have successfully reduced maternal mortality to near-zero levels, pregnancy and birth still pose a risk to hundreds of millions of women globally.
Adamson’s 1998 study on maternal mortality found that around 600,000 women perished in misery each year. According to Adamson, maternal mortality is the most under-reported tragedy of our time due to a culture of silence.
According to Adewumi (2000), 585,000 women die during pregnancy and childbirth, which differs from other causes of death.
Hundreds of thousands of women die in their teens, twenties, and thirties, in unique ways that stand out from the usual.
In the 1990s and early 2000s, researchers like Adamson (1998) and Caffrey (2000) found that hundreds to millions of young women died annually. They continue to die at a daily pace of 1,600. The fatalities of healthy women in their prime years, rather than those of the sick, elderly, or young, are particularly concerning.
According to Mahmound (1999), maternal mortality is more than just a statistic.
The focus is on women who have experienced misery, distress, and despair. Faces that continue to harm our dreams, not just because maternal death is one of the most tragic ways to die… Above all, it was preventable and should not have occurred.
According to the Millennium Development Goals (2006), maternal mortality refers to the death of a woman during pregnancy or within 42 days following termination, regardless of pregnancy duration or management, and excludes accidental or incidental causes. Advances in medical research, economic resources, and human welfare have made it possible to virtually eliminate mortality, save in extreme circumstances or due to accidents.
According to the Millennium Development Goals (2006), children are most vulnerable in their early years. During the 20th century, the underfive mortality rate in wealthy countries decreased significantly to an average of 6 per thousand live births (UNICEF, 1998).
According to Beazley (2002), the causes of maternal death are comparable globally. Approximately 80% of maternal deaths worldwide are caused by problems during pregnancy, delivery, or the puerperium. The most prevalent obstetric reasons include haemorrhage, sepsis, preeclampsia, anaemia, cephalopelvic disproportion, malaria, and abortion.
Early identification of high-risk women is crucial for taking prompt interventions to prevent maternal death. According to Beazley (2002), vulnerable women include those who give birth at the extremes of their maternal age (under 20 or over 40).
Many women start having children at a young age, which is cause for concern.
According to the Nigeria Millennium Development Goals (2005) and the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS, 1999), 44% of women aged 20-24 have given birth before the age of 20, and 27% before the age of 15.
According to the poll, 22% of teenagers aged 15-19 are mothers or expecting their first kid. The results were significantly higher in rural areas than metropolitan areas. Early pregnancy contributes to high maternal death rates among young women of reproductive age.
According to MDGs (2005), unlawful abortion is a leading cause of mortality in women of reproductive age, especially among young women. Maternal mortality poses a significant hazard to families, governments, and the global community.
Maternal mortality has caused many families to lose loved ones, creating voids that cannot be repaired as women are the nation’s builders (4). They have a significant impact on the economic, educational, social, and health development of communities.
Njikoka Local Government Area in Anambra State has a population of approximately one million people, primarily engaged in subsistence farming, driving, and commerce, resulting in a high level of poverty. Njikoka L.G.A is located in a semi-urban area with limited social amenities such as adequate health resources, qualified doctors and nurses, good road networks, and educational facilities.
The community’s poverty and illiteracy contribute to higher maternal death rates. Women have a crucial role in nation-building and contribute to global development. Their deaths can impede progress and lead to underdevelopment.
According to Ikedife (1999), providing high-quality obstetric care to women of reproductive age presents complicated challenges. Pregnancy and childbirth do not always provide women the joy they expect. Bereavement from the loss of a husband or caring mother can overshadow the joy of motherhood and the desire for a healthy kid.
In the 1990s and early 2000s, maternal and perinatal mortality remained disproportionately high, posing a significant threat to community development.
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