Influence Of Prostate Cancer Awareness Campaigns On The Knowledge, Attitude And Practices Of Men
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Influence Of Prostate Cancer Awareness Campaigns On The Knowledge, Attitude And Practices Of Men
ABSTRACT
This study sought to explore the impact of prostate cancer awareness campaigns on men’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices in South-Eastern Nigeria. The study employed a survey research design, with a questionnaire serving as the data gathering tool.
The study included 8,184,951 adult males from South-Eastern Nigeria. Five research questions led the investigation. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
The data analysis found that men in South-Eastern Nigeria have a comparatively low level of awareness and understanding about prostate cancer.
Furthermore, medical practitioners provided the majority of information on prostate cancer to respondents; yet, those who were exposed to the advertisements agreed that the programs had a favourable impact on their behaviour.
Chapter One:
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Cancer is a condition characterised by abnormal cell proliferation in the body. Clinically, it can be defined as a large number (up to a hundred) of complex disorders that behave differently depending on the cell types from which they arise (William, Klug et al, 2009, p.513).
It is a hereditary disorder produced by a mutation that has overtaken other cells. In 2000, there were 1,220,100 recorded instances of new malignancies and 552,200 cancer deaths, showing that nearly half of all cancer patients die (William, Klug, et al, 2009, p.513).
According to statistics from various health organisations and agencies around the world, about 16 million new instances of cancer are diagnosed each year. According to a World Health Organisation (WHO) report from 2011, this figure is expected to treble by 2020 (Chustecka, 2011, p.1).
This disease’s rapid spread is mostly due to a lack of understanding of its early signs, which can be treated early if discovered. The proliferation and metastatic aspect of cancer has made it worse, resulting in its rapid spread (cancer) in the human body.
Cell proliferation refers to the division of cells into many units, which is characterised by aberrant cell growth. On the other side, metastasis is the process by which these cells spread throughout the body.
The painful component of this disease is its potential to combine cell growth and metastatic spread, which makes it more deadly. (Peter and George, 2002, p. 367).
In 2008, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) estimated more than 681,000 and 512,400 new cancer cases. These figures rose to 1.4 million cases and 714 thousand deaths in 2010 (IARC Report 2010, p. 3).
The three deadliest human cancers are lung cancer, colon cancer, and breast cancer. However, lung cancer is essentially preventable; the majority of instances are caused by smoking cigarettes (American Cancer Society, 2000, p. 13).
Cancer has various causes, the most important of which is genetic. In 1761, John Hill, an English physician, discovered that certain tumours that can lead to cancer are generated by chemicals.
Percival Pott made a similar observation, revealing that heavy snuff users are at risk of developing cancer. Peyton Rous, the 1966 Nobel Prize laureate in medicine, uncovered another cause of cancer. He discovered that viruses can cause cancer in humans (Peter & George, 2002, pp. 368).
According to Peter and George (2002, p. 369), one out of every three children born has cancer at some point in their lives. One-fourth of male children and one-third of female children will die from cancer. One begins to wonder what will happen to developing nations, given their low level of knowledge and awareness of this disease.
The most lethal disease in men is prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is a form of cancer that occurs only in males. It is the second greatest cause of death for men. (World Cancer Report 2011, p. 4).
It occurs when a tumour grows in the prostate gland of the male reproductive system. The term “prostate” refers to “one standing in front”. The prostate is so named because of its location at the base of the bladder.
It is predicted that 241,740 new cases of prostate cancer were detected in America in 2012, with 28,170 patients dying from the condition (America Cancer Society, 2012, p. 23).
This demonstrates the lack of knowledge and attention given to this condition, which is steadily killing most males. Developing countries have a significant disadvantage in terms of knowledge.
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