ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN THE EXECUTION OF PUBLIC SECTOR HOUSING PROJECTS IN NIGERIA
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ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN THE EXECUTION OF PUBLIC SECTOR HOUSING PROJECTS IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
Despite the fact that housing policies affect the pattern of housing development in the country, previous research on public sector housing in Nigeria have not specifically evaluated the level of execution of housing projects. As a result, this study investigates the many challenges associated in Nigeria’s public sector housing initiatives.
A thorough analysis of the existing housing policies and projects in Nigeria was conducted. This was done in order to determine the level of implementation of housing policies, identify the many obstacles impeding the attainment of the aims of public sector housing projects, and provide alternative solutions to the problems.
CHAPITRE ONE
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.1.1 INTRODUCTION
Housing, like food and clothing, is a fundamental human necessity (Aribigbola, 2006:53). It is critical to man’s well-being, survival, and health (Fadamiro et al, 2004). As a result, housing is one of the best markers of a person’s standard of living and social standing. The location and style of home can influence or affect a person’s social standing.
According to Kehinde (2010), shelter is essential to human survival. He went on to say that housing entails having access to land, shelter, and the amenities needed to make the shelter useful, convenient, aesthetically beautiful, safe, and sanitary.
As a result, filthy, unhealthy, hazardous, and inadequate housing might jeopardise man’s security, physical health, and privacy. The performance of the housing sector is invariably used to assess a country’s health (see Amdii, 1993; Angel, 2000; Blunt and Dawling, 2006; Charles, 2003; and Sulyman, 2000).
According to the World Health Organisation (1961), a decent dwelling should have the following features:
A good roof to keep the rain out.
Good walls and doors help keep out animals and protect against harsh weather.
Sunshades are installed all around the house to shelter it from direct sunlight during hot weather.
Wire netting at windows and doors to keep insects out, such as house flies and mosquitoes.
In essence, housing quality may be determined by the physical look of the buildings, the facilities supplied, the quality of the walls used in building construction, the prominence of the roofing materials, the condition of the house’s other structural components, and the environmental condition of the house.
As a result of the lack of housing in terms of quality and quantity, the environment suffers. Housing, according to Mandelker and Motgomery (1973), is both a product and a process. Housing, as a product, refers to the finished product of construction work in terms of structure, design, space, lighting, heating, sanitary facilities, and other amenities.
Housing, on the other hand, as a process, entails construction, neighbourhood planning, urban and regional planning, and environmental management. Construction, restoration, maintenance, and remodelling are also included. As a result, all of these factors have an impact on a country’s housing stock.
According to Agbola (1998), the process of housing delivery includes the manufacturing of new housing, the renovation of existing units, and the distribution of both new and existing housing to those in need.
In light of the foregoing claims, the paper investigates the concerns and challenges encountered in the implementation of public sector housing projects in Nigeria.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The housing issue is unique to both affluent and poor countries, as well as developed and developing ones. Certain issues are related with housing all around the world. They include a housing shortage (both qualitatively and quantitatively),
homelessness, government inattention to people’s needs, availability to construction land, house cost in relation to specification and space standard, and high interest rates on home loans.
Poverty, a fast pace of urbanisation, the high cost of building materials, and basic building technologies are all factors contributing to Nigeria’s housing crisis. According to Kabir (2004), while the federal and certain state governments have interfered by providing mass housing, only the wealthy and privileged can afford it.
He claimed that government action includes the foundation of the Federal Housing Authority, the establishment of the Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria, and the establishment of the Ministry of Housing,
Urban Development, and Environment. Nonetheless, he believes that, despite the government’s efforts to address housing issues, the Nigerian housing situation remains in crisis, and sustainable housing delivery has been severely hampered.
1.3 GOAL AND OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this research is to investigate the function of public housing developments in Lagos State, utilising Ikeja as a case study. The precise goals are as follows:
to identify issues related to the successful completion of public housing developments in the study region
to investigate the various government initiatives on sustainable housing provision in the study area
to assess the level of housing policy implementation in Nigeria
to evaluate critically the extent to which the administration has achieved success in housing delivery in Nigeria
1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The information for this research project will be gathered from primary and secondary data sources. Secondary sources were gathered from available literature and previous work on the issue, which included both published and unpublished resources such as textbooks,
papers delivered during seminars, and other relevant publications. Primary data will be acquired by administering a questionnaire, and all data gathered will be evaluated using simple statistics created by translating frequency into percentage.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
A study of this type must be conducted in numerous areas throughout Nigeria in order to get useful results. As Ajayi (1990) previously stated, the broader the scope of a study, the more generalizable the results gained from the investigation.
Given the study’s time duration and the researcher’s funding limits, the investigation will be limited to Ikeja. This is done to facilitate the management of data created for in-depth research and inferences. Ikeja is Lagos State’s economic nerve centre; this study will concentrate on Estate Surveyors and Valuers in the study area.
1.6 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study would be valuable to the general people because it will open their eyes to the reasons why various housing initiatives in Nigeria have failed for one reason or another.
It will be of enormous use to building professionals, particularly Estate Surveyors and Valuers, since it will allow them to work more on pushing the need for sustainable home development by the government to the public.
This study will be valuable to students and researchers since it will serve as a foundation for the success of their future research.
Meanwhile, this study tries to fill a vacuum in the literature while also contributing significantly to the current body of material on public sector housing in Nigeria.
1.7 LIMITATIONS ON STUDY
In a study of this sort, one is certain to confront a number of challenges in obtaining the required data that would satisfy the expected standard. Of course, the research includes the use of both primary and secondary data, and some problems were encountered. Financial and time restrictions are among them.
Another major issue that cannot be overstated is the high expense of transportation incurred during data collecting.
1.8 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
1.8.1 PUBLIC HOUSING: Public housing is a type of housing provision that emphasises the involvement of the government and its agencies in assisting in the provision of housing, notably for the poor, low-income, and more vulnerable segments of society.
Public housing has been one of the key reactions to the global housing crisis, taking various forms in different geographical circumstances. Other descriptive phrases, such as social housing, state housing, s
tate-sponsored housing, welfare housing, non-profit housing, low-cost housing, affordable housing, and mass housing, are frequently used in its stead (Van Vilet, 1990).
1.8.2 PUBLIC SECTOR: The public sector is the component of the economy that is responsible for providing various governmental services. The public sector varies by country, but in most countries,
it includes services such as the military, police, infrastructure (public roads, bridges, tunnels, water supply, sewers, electrical grids, telecommunications, etc.),
public transit, public education, health care, and those working for the government itself, such as elected officials. The public sector may provide services that a non-payer cannot be denied (for example, street lighting), services that benefit society as a whole rather than just the individual who uses the service.
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