IMPACT OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM UTILIZATION ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE
ABSTRACT
The world is experiencing a new global economic order which is characterized by information and communication technologies for information management.
A whole tremendous change is taking place in which the spread of knowledge has given rise to an era of knowledge and information. Hence the purpose of this thesis is to examine the general characteristics of (SME) Small and Medium Scale Enterprises and explore the impact of management information technology utilization on (SME) Small and medium scale enterprise performance in Nigeria.
The research was executed in Nassarawa state and a survey research approach of the data collection was used to gather information from 371 respondents while graphs, charts, frequency, and percentage for descriptive data presentation and data interpreted using the T-test method to prove the hypothesis… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
The business world has been impacted by a variety of changes. The population have been growing rapidly; markets have been expanding often to the multinational level; customer expectations have been rising and expanding, government demands have been multiplying, social responsibility, ecological concern, and public institutions have been growing. As might expect, such changes are creating intensive competitive pressure, posing complex decision situations, and squeezing available resources.
Organizations have responded in various ways diversifying goods and services rearranging organizational structures. Incorporating new technology, community action programs, and last but not least re-examine information systems (Oranu, 2008). Business managers today, are much more concerned about the effect of competition than they were even a few years ago.
They must react to the competitive threats not only from local sources but also from regional, national, and international sources; likewise, they must seek to explore all opportunities that are available in the immediate, national and Global environment (Ahmed, 2009).
According to Bochm, (2011), Deregulation has also increased competitive pressure for organizations to survive, grow, and prosper. In such a competitive environment, managers must employ a lot of the resources at their disposal as efficiently as possible so as to accomplish the objectives and goals of the enterprise.
Management Information System provides information in the form of reports and displays to managers and many business professionals. For example sales managers may use their networked computer and web browser to get instantaneous displays about the sales results of their daily sales analysis report to evaluate sales made by each sales personnel.
Management Information System also takes into account the integrative nature of information flow as well as the structuring of the organization around decision centers. Standards of performance are part of any good plans; hence, the determination of standards like other aspects of the planning process depends on the availability of relevant management information systems (Bodenstab, 2017).
Therefore, the management information system aids the functioning and monitoring of an organization. It also describes the components and resources to ensure the proper functioning of an organization… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
Statement of the Research Problem
In this turbulent era, organizations strive to improve their competitiveness by enhancing productivity, innovation, quality, and flexibility of services at the individual and organizational levels. However, it has been observed by Alabi (2000) that there is the inadequacy of MIS equipment (facilities) in the Nigerian business organization, with slightly higher adequacy in SME.
Fabunmi and Isah (2004) identified personnel quantity and quality, lack of basic infrastructure as requirements for attaining efficiency in Management Information Systems (MIS) activities in business organizations… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
Research Objectives
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of management information systems in the business industry. Specifically, the study is to:
- Determine the contribution of MIS to the Growth and Development of SMEs in Nigeria… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
Significance of the Study
- Organizational Administration
The business administration would derive tremendous benefits from the results of the study. The principal officers of the organization could use the MIS to provide reliable, accurate, and timely information to make sound and accurate decisions towards the effective management of the business organization.
Information relating to planning, admissions, recruitment, and financial matters could be easily and timely accessed and retrieved from the MIS Database to enhance decision- making. The study would also be beneficial to the organization staff as information relating to every staff in the organization could be easily obtained… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction
To properly understand the concept of Management Information System (MIS) There is a need to understand the meaning of management and information system. Management Information System (MIS) is a formal system for providing management with accurate and timely information necessary for decision making.
Management is usually defined as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling business operation. This is in line with the definition given by Henri (2002), which stated that management is “the process of allocating an organization’s inputs, including human and economic resources, by planning, organizing, directing, and controlling for the purpose of producing goods or services desired by customers so that organizational objectives are accomplished.
If management has knowledge of the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of the business, its decision can be made on the basis of facts, and decisions are more accurate and timelier as a result”. The information enables us to determine the need to create new products and services. Information tells us to move into new markets or to withdraw from other markets (Remi, 2003)… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
Conceptual Framework
- Concept of Management Information System (MIS)
Lawrence (2005) defines an information system as an “a computer system that provides management and other personnel within an organization with up-to-date information regarding the organization’s performance; for example, current inventory and sales. It is usually linked to a computer network, which is created by joining different computers together in order to share data and resources. It is designed to capture, transmit, store, retrieve, manipulate, and or display information used in one or more business processes.
This system output information in a form that is useable at all levels of the organization: strategic, tactical, and operational. However, several definitions have been given to Management Information System (MIS) by many authors who might be based on their background… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
- Problems of Management Information System (MIS)
According to Raymond (1989), Management Information System (MIS) was described as a well-coordinated information system, a database that is to provide management with needed information to plan and make decisions. Modern technology has further made the resort to MIS in management imperative because of the changing circumstances and environment.
There is a lack of management involvement in the design and poor appreciation of management support. Finally, it is recommended that organizations, privates, and public, commercial and non-commercial should endeavor to set up an MIS unit in their organizations so that adequate information can be put at the disposal of their management… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
Empirical Review
Opeke and Madukoma (2013) carried out a study on Information Use and Job Performance of Senior Non-Academic Staff in Nigerian business organization. A survey design was employed to carry out the study. The population of the study comprised of 112 approved Business organization in Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 27 business organizations that took part in the study.
A total of 1, 804 Senior Non-academic Staff was the sample size of the study. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Out of 1,804 questionnaires distributed, 1,270 were completed and returned. Descriptive statistics such as frequency count, mean, standard deviation, and correlation were used to present the data… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
Theoretical Review
- Classical Organization Theory
Classical organization theory evolved during the first half of this century. It represents the merger of scientific management, bureaucratic theory, and administrative theory. Frederick Taylor (1917) developed scientific management theory (often called “Taylorism”) at the beginning of this century. His theory had four basic principles: 1) find the one “best way” to perform each task, 2) carefully match each worker to each task, 3) closely supervise workers, and use reward and punishment as motivators, and 4) the task of management is planning and control.
Initially, Taylor was very successful at improving production. His methods involved getting the best equipment and people and then carefully scrutinizing each component of the production process. By analyzing each task individually, Taylor was able to find the right combinations of factors that yielded large increases in production.… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
Fig. 1: Theoretical framework of modeling MIS for business organization
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
This chapter focuses on the strategies employed to execute the study. It presents the research design, the population and sample selection, method of data collection, and method of data analysis.
Research design
A survey design was adopted for this study. Ebenuwa-Okoh (2011) citing Kerlinger (1993) stated that survey is a descriptive research method aimed at discovering relative incidences, distribution, and inter-relationships of variables. This implies that the survey gathers information about variables, not individuals; the researcher, therefore, examines the opinions, attitudes, or feelings of individuals about a particular problem. This design is considered most appropriate for the study because survey studies utilize questionnaires, observations, tests, and interviews as tools in obtaining information.
Method of Data Collection
For effective and adequate courage of the research findings, the researcher used the following methods:
- Questionnaire Method: This is a lot of structure and segmental questions which are aimed at eliciting relevant data from the respondents to whom it is being administered, for the purpose of simplicity, the researcher decided to adopt the 5 point scale questionnaire format where the respondent can easily make their choice. The questionnaire checklist was designed based mostly on the aspect of material management… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
Introduction
This chapter is devoted to the presentation of analyzed field data and the discussion of findings. The Statistical Package for Social Science (S.P.S.S) enabled the researcher to make relevant interpretations and discussions about the phenomenon under study in relation to the objectives. The main focus of the study is to find the role of information communication technology in the growth and development of SMEs. To aid in the clarity of the presentation, this chapter is divided into two main sections.
The first section presents the analysis and interpretation of the findings, whilst the second section details the discussions of the relevant findings from the study… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
Presentation of Data Result
- Age of Respondents
Table 4.1 below indicates the age range of respondents. Out of the total number of respondents, 10 % were aged less than 25years 43.3 % were aged between 25 and 35years, 23.3 % of respondents were aged between 36 and 45years, 16.7 % were aged between 46 and 55years and 6.7 % were aged 55 years and above.
Table 4.1: Age of Respondents
| Age Distribution | Number of Respondents | %age (%) |
| Less than 25 | 30 | 10.0 |
| 25 – 35 | 130 | 43.3 |
| 36 – 45 | 70 | 23.3 |
| 46 – 55 | 50 | 16.7 |
| Above 55 | 20 | 6.7 |
| Total | 300 | 100.0 |
Source: Field Data, January 2020.
This shows that the youth are more inclined to venture into SMEs and also embrace MIS than their older counterparts.
- Sex Distribution of Respondents
As seen from table 4.2, 63.3 % of the respondents are males whiles the remaining 36.7 % of the respondents are females.
Table 4.2. Gender Composition of Respondents
| Gender | Number of Respondents | Percentage (%) |
| Male | 190 | 63.3 |
| Female | 110 | 36.7 |
| Total | 30 | 100.0 |
Source: Field Data, January 2020.
Figure 1: Gender Composition of Respondents
Source: Field Data, January 2020
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SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
From the findings of the study, most of the SMEs surveyed indicated they are using management information systems against their counterparts who are not using management information systems. The survey also revealed that all the SMEs surveyed are using mobile phones. This figure seems to decrease sharply when it comes to fixed lines and internet as 53.3% indicated they have fixed lines and internet for their SMEs 50% of the respondents indicated they have postal box… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
Conclusion
SMEs play an important role in the global economy: they contribute to the GDP and reduction of unemployment, especially in developing countries. Many governments around the world are pushing for SMEs to adopt MIS in order for them to survive in the knowledge economy. The Nigeria Government is no exception. The need for SMEs to adopt MIS is driven by governments, globalization, innovation, flexibility, and competitive advantage.
The adoption of MIS should take into consideration that SMEs are different and thus have different needs for MIS… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
Recommendations
In summary, the recommendations for SMEs to overcome barriers and improve implementation of MIS in their businesses for growth and development are as follows:
- Promotion of MIS Education among SMEs
SMEs should invest in educating their staff and management about MIS and its benefits. As training cost is known to be of the impediments towards the development of MIS skills, this will help these SMEs acquire these skills and use them in their work. Training agencies responsible for providing MIS training to SME owners must understand not only how this group of adults learns, but also what the obstacles are that they usually face in learning technology-related subjects.
The government can also come out as a form of its adult literacy program with programs in MIS for the owners of these SMEs must increase its effort to create awareness among SMEs regarding the potential benefits of MIS to small- and medium-sized businesses… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)
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