Microbiological Study Of Ntamiri Along Umuagwo Axis Of The Stream
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Microbiological Study Of Ntamiri Along Umuagwo Axis Of The Stream
ABSTRACT
The Ntamiri River, along the Umuagwo axis, was researched for twelve months to determine the impact of detergent effluent discharges on river water quality. Water samples from Points A, B, and C were tested for microbiological contamination.
The findings found that the level of contamination varied by season, and that water quality was satisfactory upstream (Point A) but deteriorated at Points B and C, indicating severe pollution from detergent effluent discharges.
The microbiological investigation of water samples from three places revealed substantial microbial and faecal contamination, with microbial load in the order of 105 and MPN of < 1800.
The detergent effluents discharged into Points B and C were shown to enable the growth of pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Streptococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Enterobacter species at greater loading.
The results revealed that river water samples contained hazardous chemicals and had greater microbial burdens. The negative consequences of discharge effluent on the water quality of the Ntamiri River River were discussed.
Chapter one
1.0 Introduction
Water is a type of mineral that exists in liquid form. It consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Water is a tasteless, odourless, and colourless mobile liquid, except in vast quantities where it appears blue.
It melts at OoC (320f) and boils at 1000C (2120f). Water is a vital need of life; without it, higher creatures can only survive for a few hours or days. It has a variety of applications, including washing, cooking, food processing, and swimming, among others.
Drinking water appears to be the most sensitive of these applications, as it has the potential to have a direct negative impact on human health.
As a result, drinking water should be potable and devoid of illness or hazardous substances (Beren 1991). Water is portable when it is colourless. Odourless or tasteless, and free of toxic, corrosive, and staining compounds
as well as disease-causing organisms (Cruich 1972). The issue of supplying clean and abundant water has existed since the beginning of time. Water can become unfit or harmful to drink if it is contaminated by nature or human actions.
The most serious risk to drinking water is pollution by human waste (Forest 1979). In most circumstances, the pollution/contamination is little and does not pose a significant risk to health.
As a result, a few harmful compounds and microorganisms exist in water, which can cause illness or even death. Microbiologically, the pathogens most commonly transmitted by water supplies range from ultrasmall viruses to tiny bacteria and rather large cysts such as Entemoeba instolytica.
These organisms cause intestinal tract infections, and when swallowed, they cause amebic dysentery. Gardia lamblia is a protozoan that causes Giadiasis. Defective plumbing, for example, was the source of an outbreak at the 1933 World’s Fair in Chicago (Garelick 1987).
Waterborne diseases produce acute diarrhoea, which can linger for 2-3 months. The most frequent waterborne diseases caused by germs are typhoid fever and paratyphoid. Asiatic cholera and Bacterial dysentery.
Other infections that can be transmitted through water include brucellosis and shige/losis, which are consuming. Untreated water (Hetolett 1921). Various governments across the world, as well as the World Health Organisation (WHO), have established water quality standards against which pollution levels can be tested.
The World Health Organization’s (WHO) National Agency for Food and Drug Administration Control (NAFDAC) standard for drinkable water includes the following: no coliform bacteria in 100ml of water, and a total plate count of bacteria growth of 100 CFU/ML of water. Thus, the hygienic quality of water should not be overlooked, as contaminated water might pose health risks when eaten.
According to the WHO’s drinking water quality guidelines (1998)
TABLE 1.
World Health Organisation Standard for Drinking Water
pH, colour, dissolved solids, and total hardness.CalciumIron Chloride Nitrate Coliform
5.0 – 9.0 15 Hazen units range from 500 mg/l to 75 mg/l, 0.3 mg/l to 200 mg/l, and 45 mg/l to 10 colonies.
1.1 Aims and objectives of the study
The goal of this research is to conduct a microbiological study of Ntamiri Rivers along the Umuagwo axis.
To identify microbiological contamination and provide advise on how to control water pollution, among other things.
1.2 Statement of Problems
The treated water produced by Ntamiri Rivers may be contaminated by inadequate plumbing, which causes a rush of water out of the pipe, resulting in draw mixed with sewage debris. The draw finally sucks back through the ruptured pipe into the pipe line, where it is distributed to various sites and collected for drinking water.
1.3 Hypothesis.
H.O: There is a discrepancy in the microbiological load of water from the Ntamiri River at the site of production versus the load at the points of supply and consumption.
HI: There is a statistical disparity between the microbiological load of water from the Ntamiri Rivers at the production site and the load at the supply and consumption points.
1.4 SCOPE OF LIMITATION
The project’s goal is to identify only microbial pollutants, hence the microbial analysis approach is confined to the techniques and materials available in our laboratory, as opposed to high-tech equipment found elsewhere.
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