OBSERVATORY SYSTEM FOR MONITORING ROAD ACCIDENTS IN NIGERIA
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OBSERVATORY SYSTEM FOR MONITORING ROAD ACCIDENTS IN NIGERIA
Chapter one
Introduction
The Observatory System for Monitoring Road Accidents in Nigeria
1.2 Introduction.
What is a road traffic accident? RTAs (Road Traffic Accidents) are more than just when a vehicle or motorcycle collides with another vehicle or hits a person. A road accident involves at least one vehicle, occurs on a public road, and results in injury or death.
The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (2016) excludes intentional acts like as murder and suicide, as well as natural calamities.
Road traffic accidents kill about 1.2 million people annually and have a significant influence on health and development. They are a leading cause of mortality for young adults and children aged 15 to 29 years (World Health Organisation, 2015).
In 2015, 35,092 individuals were killed in motor vehicle crashes. The United States Department of Transportation estimated a $242 billion yearly financial cost (Highway Loss Data Institute, 2015).
According to a WHO research, India has the highest number of fatalities from road traffic accidents worldwide. According to data from 2007, 114,590 persons died in India as a result of RTAs.
China ranks second, with 89,455 deaths. RTA wounds are increasingly common and have more severe repercussions than both transmissible and noncommunicable diseases (Aubakirova, Kossumov, & Igissinov, 2013). Traffic accidents are a leading cause of injury, disability, and death globally.
2
Developing countries have higher levels of corruption and lack of care compared to developed 1st and 2nd world countries due to their poor infrastructure and inadequate control systems.
This has a negative impact on countries since it decreases the economic power of men, who are typically the primary breadwinners. They have the highest death rate in RTAs.
Research indicates that male drivers are more likely to be involved in accidents than female drivers due to bad habits like speeding, eating or drinking, hazardous overtaking, and failure to wear seat belts (Highway Loss Data Institute, 2015).
Accidents in developed, poor, and developing countries have varying impacts on GDP. According to conservative estimates, accidents cost 1% of GDP in developed countries and nearly 5% in developing countries.
The “golden hour” or “diamond half an hour” refers to providing critical medical attention to injured individuals within the first hour of an accident, which has been shown to reduce fatalities from RTAs.
RTAs occur globally and affect a diverse population. RTAs can result in permanent injuries, leaving individuals incapacitated for life.
Nigeria, one of the world’s most populous countries, had 2,503 road crashes in the second quarter of 2017, with speed infractions being the leading cause (Source, Bureau, Road, & Corps, 2017).
1.3 Objectives of the Research
This research aims to create an observatory system to monitor and visualise traffic accidents in Nigeria, including severity, location, driver, vehicle type, casualties, and fatalities.
The system can monitor and address incidents, making decisions to improve road safety and create new bridges. Nigeria lacks a system for managing road accidents and users.
Properly maintained, this system can track the number of vehicles and drivers in the country, regardless of their involvement in an accident.
1.4 Motivations.
The idea for this topic stems from a dearth of detailed statistics on vehicle accidents in Nigeria. Without this knowledge, crucial decisions may not be adequately implemented and addressed.
This investigation will identify the areas with the highest frequency of accidents in the country. More research is needed to improve road safety.
With advancements in technology, the system can serve as a data repository for predictive analysis and mitigation of potential incidents.
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