OSOGBO RESIDENT’S PERCEPTION OF RADIO PROGRAMME AS A VERITABLE TOOL FOR SENSITISING RURAL DWELLERS ON HIV AIDS
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OSOGBO RESIDENT’S PERCEPTION OF RADIO PROGRAMME AS A VERITABLE TOOL FOR SENSITISING RURAL DWELLERS ON HIV AIDS
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
The rise in HIV/AIDS cases in various Sub-Saharan African countries, as well as the consequences of these cases, have caused anxiety and instability in people’s lives. Since HIV/AIDS was first detected three decades ago, many people in Sub-Saharan Africa have died as a result of it.
It is believed that the current HIV/AIDS situation necessitates the use of effervescent and strong communication tools to convey illness information and serve as a reminder (Van Dyk, 2008).
Community radio, as one sort of media, is expected to have an active role in educating and raising awareness about HIV/AIDS (Parker, Dalrymple, & Durden, 2006).
As a result, the purpose of this study was to analyse the Osogbo Community Radio Station (OSBC)’s impact to HIV/AIDS issues, specifically awareness and education in the Osogbo area of Nigeria.
This is because Osogbo is one of the districts in Nigeria where HIV/AIDS prevalence is increasing rather than decreasing (LePHIA Report, 2016–2017).
As a result, the study focused heavily on OSBC’s function in reaching populations in the district within its coverage radius, as well as the station’s potential impact on social behaviour change among its listeners.
According to Parker et al. (2006), radio continues to be an effective medium for communicating health and social issues. Parker et al. (2006) emphasise that, even in this era of digital communication, radio is a useful medium for addressing HIV/AIDS-related health issues and social practices.
As a result, HIV/AIDS awareness and education must be integrated into mass communication platforms such as community radio (Parker et al., 2006). Although some individuals are
Still afraid of HIV/AIDS due to the stigma and discrimination associated with it (UNAIDS Gap Report, 2015), it is important to recognise that other people have accepted HIV/AIDS as a reality and taken steps to advise or educate others about their HIV status (National AIDS Commission, 2006).
The overall goal of health communication is to provide promotional health messages, such as health education or public health awareness, such as HIV/AIDS prevention and disease consequences.
The goal of disseminating health information is to influence individual health and help people improve health-related concerns (Parker et al., 2006).
According to Mtimde, Maphiri, and Nyamaku (1998) and Peigh, Maloney, Higgins, and Bogue (1979), community radio can actively contribute to growing HIV/AIDS prevention competence and tactics that may enhance listeners’ lives.
HIV/AIDS competence refers to a society in which citizens understand HIV/AIDS, what it involves, and how it is transmitted. As a result, community radio, as a communication medium, can play an important role in raising HIV/AIDS awareness and knowledge.
According to several sources, Nigeria’s HIV prevalence rate has risen from 23% to 25.6%, with 25% of adults (aged 15–59) infected with HIV DHS by 2016 (LePHIA Report, 2016–2017).
According to the LePHIA Report (2016-2017), there are 13,000 new cases of HIV infection among these categories each year. These data demonstrate that, given Nigeria’s overall population, there is a need to explore the involvement of various organisations or institutions in raising awareness and educating communities about HIV/AIDS issues.
Based on the aforesaid analysis, the goal of this study was to examine the
OSBC’s contribution to HIV/AIDS awareness and education in the community surrounding the radio station, i.e., the receiving area. To make sense of this
HIV/AIDS awareness and education in Osogbo, the researcher chose two well-known projects that he could use to gain a clear knowledge of OSBC’s contribution to HIV/AIDS awareness.
As previously noted, HIV/AIDS continues to represent a threat to Sub-Saharan African countries. HIV/AIDS continues to pose a challenge to communities in the absence of effective methods and measures, such as education.
As previously noted, HIV/AIDS remains a concern in Nigeria, and it continues to develop despite steps made by the Nigerian government and other non-governmental organisations (NGOs).
This study, therefore, focuses on the usage of community radio stations in raising awareness about the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Nigeria’s Osogbo area.
This is because the media has enormous potential to affect health-related behaviours and perceptions (Tyali & Tomaselli, 2015). It can also serve as a communication backdrop for enhanced health (Paker et al., 2006).
They (Parker et al. 2006) go on to say that these media institutions can make a significant contribution to community wellness by educating, informing, and raising awareness about HIV/AIDS issues, as well as assisting individuals in making educated decisions about HIV/AIDS infection.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT.
HIV/AIDS has remained a medical concern since its initial diagnosis, and it is still spreading in some parts of Southern Africa, including Nigeria (UNAIDS Data Report, 2018; UNAIDS Gap Report, 2015; Van Dyk, 2008).
Nigeria’s HIV/AIDS stated prevalence rate is dangerously high and continues to rise (Demographic and Health Survey, 2014; LePHI A Report, 2016–2017; National AIDS Commission, 2016).
This was sufficient reason to investigate a comprehensive research approach to how community radio programmes raise awareness about HIV/AIDS issues and help communities deal with the epidemic, including how it can provide meaningful engagement and education (Adam and Harford, 1999; Demographic and Health Survey, 2014; UNAIDS Gap Report, 2015).
To some part, the ability to halt the trend of increasing HIV/AIDS spread in the future is dependent on effective communication with people, which includes messages and knowledge (Fraser and Estrada, 2001; Myhre and Flora, 2000).
To be successful in the fight against HIV infections, people must be continuously educated and made aware of the need to take measurable steps to protect themselves from HIV/AIDS-related illnesses acquired through sexual acts and other risky behaviour (Nigeria UNGASS Report, 2006–2007; National AIDS Commission, 2006; UNAIDS, 2014).
According to UNAIDS-Nigeria’s findings, communication is the most obvious answer to the problem of an increasing number of persons becoming infected with the virus.
Communication is a crucial approach in every endeavour aimed at improving health outcomes. It is difficult to communicate messages encouraging healthy choices without communication.
AIDS is recognised as a fatal condition, and hence, without effective communication and education methods, HIV infections carry an express threat to the community (USAID,
2011). Communication can thus play an important role in HIV/AIDS care, prevention, support, and treatment (Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, 2008-2013; USAID, 2011).
As a result, OSBC, like other media channels, can be a quick, effective, and important instrument for reaching out to the Osogbo community with health awareness material (see Howard, 2009). As previously stated, the study aims to analyse OSBC’s impact to raising awareness about HIV/AIDS issues.
1.3 Objectives of Study
The objective of the study
The primary aim or goal of this study was to evaluate the function of community radio in providing HIV/AIDS education and promoting awareness through its broadcasts. For this reason, the Osogbo Community Radio Station (OSBC) was used as a case study.
Specific Objectives
To meet the goal of the study, the following objectives were developed:
To investigate how the Tunde Morning Drive Show and Surulere shows mainstream HIV/AIDS programming in their series (content), which are utilised as a source to generate awareness and education on HIV/AIDS-related
To investigate alternative ways and methods used by OSBC to offer HIV/AIDS awareness and education through Tunde Morning Drive Show and Surulere.
To investigate stakeholders’ perspectives of the Tunde Morning Drive Show and Surulere programming’ contributions to the advancement and dissemination of HIV/AIDS awareness.
To evaluate how community members participate in planning HIV/AIDS programmes.
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