POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA CAUSES,EFFECTS AND REMEDIES
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POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA CAUSES,EFFECTS AND REMEDIES
Chapter one
1.0 Introduction.
1.1 Background of the study
Unemployment as a concept has received widespread attention both domestically and globally. It has been the most persistent and intractable challenge confronting both rich and developing nations around the world.
The fact is that no nation in the world has 100% employment. All nations endure at least a minor proportion, if not a significant rate, of unemployment, and most, if not all, nations’ primary macroeconomic priority is to battle unemployment in their economy.
Unemployment has been identified as one of the most important barriers to social wellbeing. Apart from being a massive waste of a country’s human resources, it also causes welfare loss in the form of lower output, which leads to lower income and well-being.
The necessity to avoid the negative effects of unemployment has made addressing the unemployment problem a priority in the development goals of many developing countries.
One of the actions made by the Nigerian government to address the issue of unemployment in Nigeria was the founding of the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) on March 26, 1986.
Unemployment is defined as the absence of a job for an able-bodied person. It is a term that commonly refers to the percentage of people in the labour force that are not working.
The concept of unemployment is not entirely new in Nigeria. According to Patrick Koshoni (2005), a former Labour Minister, “the problem of mass unemployment is not new; it has been with us to varying degrees for decades.” The recent population expansion has pushed the problem to a critical level that cannot be disregarded without terrible consequences.
The number of unemployed people is increasing with each passing day. Thousands of Nigerian graduates who completed the required National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) programme are still unemployed.
There are also people who did not complete tertiary education but have some basic qualifications and abilities and are currently unemployed. This issue requires prompt action by the government at all levels.
This is because unemployment harms human growth and creates poverty, which can lead to low levels of consumption and income. Unrelenting social upheavals in the form of rising crime rates and insecurity across the country, particularly in Maiduguri, are the unpleasant repercussions of a high unemployment rate.
The purpose of this research is to determine the causes, prevalence, and repercussions of unemployment in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, as well as to identify potential solutions.
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
Nigeria’s unemployment rate has risen to catastrophic levels, making labour absorption difficult. The topic is being recognised as one of the most critical socioeconomic issues plaguing Nigeria’s economy.
However, statistics reveal that Nigeria has the highest rate of youth unemployment among African countries. In absolute terms, it is estimated that there are over 22 million unemployed youths in Nigeria (Bakare, 2012).
Various studies on the issue of unemployment in Nigeria have discovered that much of the “open” unemployment observed in Nigeria is due to structural factors such as the nature of the educational system and its interface with the labour market (i.e., the mismatch problem), technological change, permanent shifts in the demand for goods and services, and the skill content of the labour force.
Cyclical factors such as swings in aggregate local and foreign demand for goods and services, as well as institutional factors such as the presence of powerful labour unions and labour legislation, all contribute to the underlying high unemployment rate.
In addition to open unemployment, there is evidence of a significant incidence of “disguised” unemployment in the form of discouraged workers who are not employed and are not actively seeking for job, despite their desire to work.
The high rates of ‘open’ and ‘hidden’ unemployment in Nigeria are a severe waste of human resources, the cause of poverty traps, high levels of economic disparity, and slow growth in GDP, and thus constitute a problem that must be thoroughly examined.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
Unemployment, being a societal concern, must be addressed by public institutions. On this basis, the National Directorate of Employment was founded as the primary statutory entity responsible for dealing with unemployment in the country.
The goal of this study is to:
Investigate the reasons of unemployment in Nigeria.
Determine the rate of unemployment in Maiduguri.
Assess the impact of unemployment in Maiduguri.
Discuss the relationship between unemployment and antisocial behaviours among Nigerian graduates.
1.4 Research Questions.
What are the reasons of unemployment in the Maiduguri Metropolitan Council?
What is the unemployment rate in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council?
What is the impact of unemployment in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council?
What is the relationship between unemployment and antisocial behaviour among graduates in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council?
1.5. Significance of the Study
The relevance of this study will be its ability to disclose the causes and effects of the events under investigation and propose potential solutions to address them.
Because the implications of unemployment are always negative in any human civilization that experiences it, there is a need to research it so that proper awareness can be generated about it.
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