PROGRAMME EVALUATION, PANACEA FOR ORGANIZATIONAL GROWTH
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PROGRAMME EVALUATION, PANACEA FOR ORGANIZATIONAL GROWTH
CHAPITRE ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Any attempt to separate the twin concepts of policy and programme holistically may not provide the intended result because both are more or less connected. On that point, we will attempt to conceptualise both words in the context of this study.
taken by the government or a private organisation According to the Oxford Advance Learner’s Dictionary of Current English, policy is defined as “a plan of action, statement of aim, and ideas, especially made by government, political party, or business company.”2 We could want to summarise that policy is a means or guidance for carrying out an action.
A programme is a collection of decisions, strategies, and structures that are designed to implement a specific policy. A programme is the real procedure, structure, in terms of personnel, funding, activities, and so on, through which a policy is implemented or carried out. A policy gave rise to a program3.
In recognition of this twin concept, Jacob and Flank define policy as an integrated programme of actions that an actor (or group of actors) is accustomed to or intends to undertake in response to a given problem situation with which he is confronted4.
Throughout this study, the concepts of policy and programmes will be applied in appropriate places. Simply simply, evaluation is an assessment of the appraisal programme.
Evaluation can be defined as any scope that can be viewed as modalities or methods for analysing the cost of a programme, the activities present operations, the implication, influence performance, the accomplishment, or outcomes, efficiency and effectiveness.
Some major policies and programmes put in place to mitigate the effects of poverty in Nigeria in the post include Gen. Yakubu Gowon’s National Accelerated Food Production Programme in 1972 and the Nigerian Agricultural and Cooperation Bank, which was entirely devoted to finding agriculture Gen. Olusegun Obasanjo’s operation feed the nation in 1976.
Shehu Shagari’s green evolutionary programme from 1976. Gen Babagida’s Directorate of Food, Road, and Rural Infrastructures (DFRRI) in 1986. The family assistance schemes and the family economic advancement plan of Gen. Abacha in 1993,
as well as the Obasanjo poverty alleviation programme, which is currently taking on a new appearance of national poverty. Eradication campaign.
The aforementioned examples must have been fostered at some point in time by various administrations and regimes in Nigeria. Immediately following the civil war, the nation was depleted, necessitating the need for a resuscitative programme to assist put the nation back on its feet.
For the first time, the Gen. Yakubu Gowon administration discovered a flaw in the National Accelerated Food Production Programme (NAFPP) and the Nigeria Agricultural and Co-operative Bank.
The programmes were designed to accelerate and discover agriculture. The NAFFPP was later revealed to be a massive waste of time and money, with no results.
The much-publicized operation feed the nation, as packaged by the country’s then-military strongman. From 1976 till the present, President Olusegun Obasanjo’s poverty reduction effort has been ongoing.
National poverty eradication programmes, much remains to be desired in terms of the extent to which these various programmes have been able to eliminate or reduce poverty in Nigeria.
The above-mentioned policy has resulted in further rural underdevelopment, as seen by land hunger, unemployment, social disparities (in terms of wealth, power, and prestige), decreased agricultural output, low income, bad health, poor housing, and poor education.
It is unfortunate that, despite the various programmes put in place to combat poverty, the muster known as poverty has become so pervasive as a result of lip service, lack of coordination, and glorification of poverty alleviation on the pages of newspapers and news conferences, with failure trailing behind due to watering down or near non-existent proper evaluation of these programmes.
As a result, it is also responsible that before funds loans are distributed to the public, particularly the N10 billion earmarked to be disbursed by the poverty alleviation programme (P.A.P),
the government should take stock of the country’s past efforts to alleviate poverty. The point is that if a software fails every time it is attempted, the best thing to do is examine the previous tries to see where the errors are. The context of this study work is outlined below.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Because of its importance, the function of programme assessment cannot be overstated. However, it is important to recognise that poverty alleviation in Nigeria has been subjected to proper evaluation over the years, and the errors experienced by subsequent projects have thus persisted.
We will identify some of the issues in relation to the subject topic.
The process of poverty alleviation in Nigeria has been a drain on government resources.
The rigours of the Nigerian bureaucracy have exacerbated the crisis in project evaluation.
Mismanagement of finances has frequently resulted in further impoverishment of the masses whose poverty was to be addressed.
The administration appears to have lost sight of the best way to alleviate poverty.
The irony is that most Nigerians can barely survive on a dollar per day, rather than easing poverty.
For survival, the poor masses and their leaders have gradually thrown moral rectitude to the world.
The aforementioned issue, which has gradually led to Nigeria’s loss of fundamental needs, has its roots in corrupt practices and the insecurity of project formulators as policymakers to rigorously supervise sof this magnitude in its place of honour.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The research topic seeks to investigate the following objectives:
acknowledging the fact that Nigerians are poor
To promote programme evaluations as the only solution to organisational progress.
To determine the level of poverty
To list the efforts made over the years to combat the scourge of poverty
To evaluate the degree of purposefulness and determination of Nigerians in bettering or prospering the organic unit.
To highlight the potential for setbacks as a result of the aforementioned actions
To make appropriate recommendations for making the Futures work.
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
In Nigeria, the lack of proper evaluation has been the bane of organisational growth.
The public sector is woefully lacking in the processes and wherewithal for meaningful project evaluations.
Poverty alleviation efforts, like all prior policies, highlighted the inability to effectively and efficiently implement people-oriented policies and programmes.
Poverty alleviation initiatives (P.A.P.) have only succeeded in enriching a few politicians at the expense of the majority.
1.5 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study became significant due to the urgent need to end the scourge of poverty, which includes proposing methods for achieving the work’s stated purpose.
Again, assessment is a relatively new notion in Nigeria. Must be welcomed and strengthened in order to enable future re-engineering of succeeding projects, such as poverty alleviation programmes.
1.6 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
This study’s theoretical framework employs system analysis approaches.
Aside from theories and models of policy analysis, there are numerous techniques or tools used in policy planning, analysis, assessment, and management, as well as programmers. The system analysis, which is used in this work, is one of these theories.
The application of explicit systematic comprehensive and qualitative analysis to decision-making difficulties is referred to as system analysis. It is a reasoned and deductive approach to problem rewiring decisions, particularly those involving government problems and projects.6.Programme
It acts as a foundation for providing rational criteria to policymakers and e administrators. As a result, the emphasis is on quantitative methods and analysis.
The goal is to play efficiently. In the case of projects such as poverty alleviation, the objectives 1 theories favour a beneficial ratio between the value of the resource expanded and the benefit received.
The fundamental challenge in the human side is execution, as spontaneous decisions, whether positive or bad, affect the programme and its manner of evaluation. Specifically, methodical analysis and goals…
Goals and objectives must be clearly defined.
Determination of the best cost-effective and cost-beneficial method in respect to the problem environment and objectives
Estimates of the cost and resources required, as well as the benefits of each alternative, in quantitative terms
A set of criteria for selecting the suggested alternative based on objectives, cost, and benefit.
Alternative methods or systems for achieving aims and objectives.
A description of the link between the objective, alternatives, costs, and benefits, as well as the issue environment.
Based on the aforementioned model and criteria, can you advise a public official on the most advantageous choice or combination of alternatives?
It is anticipated that the system analysis will best explain the optimum step-by-step evaluation of the poverty alleviation plan in Nigeria.
1.7 METHODOLOGY
Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary in English
methodology defined in light of a body of method, rules, and postulates used by a discipline8. it might also be a study of the principle of methods of inquiring in a specific topic. As a result, research methodology is simply included into research methods.Programme
Nigerians living in a geographical area known as Nigeria are the target populations here. The rationale and data will be derived from Theroux from the World Bank and the IIIMF on the federal office of statistics poverty prime for Nigeria:
1980-1996 in draft National Policies of Poverty Eradication (2003). Canagarajah et al (1997)’s evaluation of poverty and wellbeing in Nigeria (1985-92) will also be extensively examined.
We will look at other journals, books, and materials produced by renowned writers and analysts to understand the foundation of this research endeavour.
The study will use a case study approach with a historical backdrop, with the fourth republic Obasanjo poverty alleviation initiative serving as one of the bases for evaluating before and post factors analysis of poverty eradication in Nigeria.
Failure and achievement will be on display in our course of study. With the assistance of the system’s theory. The poverty-eradication policy and programme must be assessed in relation to the product of the political system.
1.8 SCOPE/LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
We will not rest on our Dars in this study until we have found a better solution to the problem of reducing poverty in Nigeria. The study period will be 1970 to the present, and we are aware that even during the oil boom, little or nothing was done to put Nigeria in a position where it could compete favourably with its fellow OPEC country and possibly with other developed nations around the world,
resulting in the emergence of the poverty crisis. Again, the many programmes put in place by successive governments, as well as their failings, will be of constant relevance to our research effort during this era.
Some issues we will confront as a result of this effort include the fact that the poverty alleviation programme is very new and we will not be able to find enough indicators to write it off as a failure due to the ubiquitous decadence caused by past misrule.
Another constraint will be a shortage of funds to procure enough materials to carry out such a large-scale project. Another issue we will most certainly face is the demise of useful materials in our libraries.
Even with these constraints and other distractions, we will leave no stone unturned in order to bring this effort to a logical conclusion.
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