RURAL SOCIOLOGY AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT WITH FOCUS ON NIGERIA
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RURAL SOCIOLOGY AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT WITH FOCUS ON NIGERIA
Rural areas are a critical component in every country’s economy, and their rapid development and modernisation have piqued the interest of policymakers and governments around the world. This is due to the fact that a sizable portion of the people lives there, and hence the country’s destiny is heavily influenced by it.
The American Bureau of Census defines rural as a group of individuals living in a community with a population of no more than 2,500 people, whereas the Federal Office of Statistics in Nigeria defines rural as a community with fewer than 20,000 inhabitants.
Afolayan (1995) states that rural regions can be easily defined using a variety of factors other than population. Such criteria include the level of infrastructural development, such as road networks, educational institutions, water supply, energy, health facilities, and communication, among others.
Other variables utilised include occupation, housing, and the extent of community planning.
Rural dwellers are typically less vocal, reflecting a poverty culture in which most individuals live just above subsistence level (Laah et al, 2013). Rural communities in developing countries are frequently deprived of fundamental necessities of life such as housing, medical care, postal communication, education, and transportation.
Rural areas are geographical areas that are located outside of the densely built-up environments of towns, cities, and suburban villages, and whose inhabitants are primarily engaged in agriculture as well as the most basic forms of secondary and tertiary activities (Ezeah, 2005).
Rural areas, as opposed to urban areas, refer to the countryside where the majority of the population engaged in primary production activities such as agriculture, fishing, and livestock rearing (Ele, 2006). Agriculture employs around 90% of the rural labour force, either directly or indirectly (Nyagba 2009).
Nigeria’s rural sector is essential to the country’s socioeconomic development. According to Nyagba (2009), rural areas represent the most important segment of Nigeria’s population.
This is because the rural sector is the country’s primary source of capital formation as well as a primary market for domestic and raw commodities used in industrial processes (Ugwuanyi and Emma, 2013).
Rural residents have been observed to engage in primary economic activities that lay the groundwork for the country’s economic development (Abah, 2010).
Given the importance of the rural sector to the national economy, promoting its growth should be a top priority for government and public administration. This is vital since it will strengthen the sector’s ability to contribute to overall national growth and development.
In most countries, development is more desirable in rural areas, where the majority of the population lives. The development of rural areas reflects the level of national development and the position of nations on the development ladder.
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