SANDWICH STUDENTSHIP AND INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) UTILIZATION
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to look into sandwich studentships and information and communication technology at the University of Lagos, Akoka Lagos. This study provided background information on sandwich studentship and information and communication technology (ICT). The descriptive research survey design was used to collect pertinent information from the chosen respondents.
This was accomplished through the use of a questionnaire and personal observation of the students who took part in this study. The personal data collected from the sampled principals and vice-
principals was analyzed using simple percentage frequency counts, whereas the four null hypotheses formulated in the study were analyzed using the independent t-test statistical tool at the 0.05 level of significance.
The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between information communication technology and students’ learning behavior at the University of Lagos, as well as a significant relationship between information communication technology and students’ academic achievement in school at the University of Lagos.
Finally, hypothesis three revealed that there is a significant difference between students’ perceptions of information communication technology. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that students, particularly sandwich students, strive to embrace the use of information communication technology,
that the current circular at various levels of education be reviewed to reflect information communication technology application, communication, and utilization skills, and that each university internally work out ways and means of properly computerizing her functions.
The committee of vice-chancellors of Nigerian universities should take an interest in the program of proper computerization of Nigerian universities because of the enormous benefits that can be derived from it. Furthermore, suggestions for additional research were made.
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Traditionally, the primary mode of instruction has been through the verbal medium, either as a spoken lecture or as a written text. As more instructional resources of various media types become
available to students, particularly sandwich ones via the internet, educators must understand when these sources can be used effectively for instruction, as well as students must develop an additional set of literacy skills in order to learn from these sources (Anyakoha, 1990).
Tyner (2000) argued that the concept of literacy has been simultaneously broadened and splintered into many literacies in the information age, in part because “the all-purpose word literacy appears hopelessly anachronistic, tainted with the nostalgic ghost of a fleeting industrial age.”
The term information communication technology is one of several terms associated with literacy to emphasize that literacy should include a variety of audio-visual forms of representation in addition to reading and writing the alphabetic codes.
Associating information and communication technology with literacy also highlights a belief among many scholars and educators that conceptions of literacy or studentship and how it is developed should include electronic media that have moved into the mainstream of communication, particularly at the end of the twentieth century.
These views imply that literacy research and practice must be transformed to accommodate new ways of accessing, processing, and using information by sandwich students in general, and sandwich students in particular (Aaron, 1997).
Oral and printed words, figures, statements, files, and documents, as well as intangible elements such as sound signals, rays, and waves, are all examples of information. The essence of information, whatever form it takes, is that it conveys messages.
According to UNESCO (1979), information is simply a “set of data recorded in a methodical manner” that includes: any item of knowledge capable of facilitating the operation of a system; and any numerical or alpha-numerical quantity processed by the machine, the aggregate of which constitutes the data and results of a problem.
(Adamson, 1998) asserts that the term information technology refers to the application of scientific knowledge. As a result, information communication technology can be defined as the acquisition, processing, storage, and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual, and numerical information through a micro-based combination of computing and telecommunication.
Telecommunication is a type of communication in which information is transmitted over long distances. Information and communication technology (ICT) also refers to a more efficient and effective method of storing, accessing, and updating information than traditional paper-based processes.
Sandwich students, in particular, have benefited in recent years from the use of information communication technology (ICT) such as computers, television, telephones, and the internet as veritable sources of information in their academic career or pursuit.
According to Uzoma (1999), sandwich students and most adolescents use information and communication technology, particularly the internet, to gather vital educational information or materials, register for courses of study, and check their JAMB, NECO, GCE, POST UME, and other examination results.
According to Onuoha (2000), the introduction of information technology has made education more simple and easy for students, particularly those enrolled in sandwich studies at the University of Lagos.
Onuoha claimed that information and communication technology has aided sandwich students in a variety of ways, including project writing and the gathering of necessary information, resulting in more effective studies.
Onuoha went on to say that information and communication technology has created a remarkable balance and effectiveness in the daily activities of students, particularly sandwich students who are accustomed to using computers and the internet to perform faster storage and retrieval of information in the academic environment or school.
According to Adelekunnu (1994), information and communication technology (ICT) can be used to help sandwich students get along with others, achieve self-reliance, and academic success. It can also help them achieve professional success while adhering to societal values and norms.
Sandwich students achieve high academic honors in school, particularly at the University of Lagos, thanks to advances in information technology.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Sandwich students frequently use information and communication technology as an effective means of storing, accessing, retrieving, or collecting vital information in order to carry out their educational activities.
Sandwich students now have access to information that will help them achieve academic and professional success as a result of the advancement of information technology. Nonetheless, information and communication technology appears to have corrupted students, particularly adolescents enrolled in sandwich studies.
Some sandwich students, for example, are frequently seen glued for hours to the television and the internet, watching or viewing pornographic films or pictures capable of bending their minds and distorting their dispositions. According to research (Asobie, Achizie, and Anywanwu., 1995), some sandwich students who use the internet are more corrupt than those who do not.
Sandwich students who frequently use the internet or watch television are involved in sexual promiscuity, examination malpractices, stealing, and other vices or indisciplines that are always practiced in school, particularly at the University of Lagos.
Many sandwich students have recently been caught using Global System Mobile Network (GSM) phones to carry out or perpetrate examination malpractices, as well as to connect friends and associates in crimes.
Adults and students have been found to use GSM phones to tell various types of lies and deception in the larger society, and this has resulted in corruption becoming well rooted in the society in which we live.
The more advanced manner in which television programs are aired is commendable, but many of the programs show very bad and aggressive films, and many sandwich students watch them after which they begin acting out what they have seen, negatively affecting their psyche.
1.3 Purpose of the study
The primary goal of this research is to conduct an investigation into sandwich studentships and the use of information and communication technology at the University of Lagos.
Other objectives include the following:
1. Investigate the impact of information and communication technology on the behavior of sandwich students.
2. Determine the significance of the relationship between information and communication technology and students’ academic performance.
3. Evaluate the constant use of ICT by sandwiching more frequently than their part-time counterparts.
4. Assess the socioeconomic status of students who frequently use information and communication technology in their academic careers.
5. Determine whether or not there is a gender difference in the use of ICT among sandwich students.
1.4 Research purpose
In this study, the following research questions were raised:
1. To what extent can the impact of information and communication technology on the learning behavior of sandwich students be investigated?
2. Is there a link between information and communication technology and academic achievement in students?
3. Do sandwich students use information and communication technology more frequently than their part-time counterparts?
4. Do students from higher socioeconomic backgrounds use ICT more frequently than students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds?
5. Is there a gender difference in sandwich students’ use of information and communication technology?
1.4 Research Hypothesis
This study tested the hypotheses listed below.
1. At the University of Lagos, there will be no significant relationship between information and communication technology and students’ learning behavior.
2. At the University of Lagos, there will be no significant relationship between information and communication technology and students’ academic achievement.
3. There will be no significant gender differences in ICT use between sandwich students and part-time students.
4. There will be no significant difference in academic performance between students from high socioeconomic backgrounds and those from low socioeconomic backgrounds due to the use of ICT.
5. There will be no significant gender differences in sandwich students’ use of information and communication technology.
1.6 Importance of the Research
The following people will benefit from this research:
Sandwich students will benefit from the study’s findings and recommendations because they will be more aware of the information and communication technology in the school. Because of the benefits it provides, this study will encourage students to become more involved in the use of information and communication technology.
Teachers will benefit from this study because, as a result of its findings and recommendations, teachers will have the opportunity to become involved in the use of information and communication technology, which has numerous benefits.
The study also includes information and communication technology and their functions.
This research will help the school administration learn more about information and communication technology and its applications, particularly in the lives of sandwich students.
The study’s recommendations will allow the school authority to broaden its policy on the availability and use of information and communication technology in Nigeria’s school system.
This study will benefit society because it will assist society in becoming more information and communication technology friendly due to the benefits it has. This research will allow society to learn more about information and communication technology and its applications in today’s world.
1.7 The Study’s Scope
This study will look at the impact of information and communication technology on sandwich students’ learning outcomes at the University of Lagos in Akoka, Lagos.
1.8 Term Definitions
In this study, operational terms will be defined as follows:
The application of scientific knowledge is referred to as information technology. The acquisition, processing, storage, and dissemination of vocal, pictoal, textual, and numerical information via a micro-based combination of computing and telecommunication is referred to as information communication technology. Dear Asiobie (1989).
Sandwich Studies – Students who are involved in sandwich studies are referred to as sandwich students. Students admitted without the use of a Joint Admission and Matriculation Board (JAMB).
Utilization – The act of putting something to use or utilizing it.
The act of assessing, the values of amount at which something is calculated, a judgment or opinion are all examples of assessment.
Evaluation – The process of calculating the value or degree of something.
Accessible – This refers to being able to get into, to, or at something. Persuaded or influenced easily.
Acquiring – The act of obtaining something or someone.
Message – A fragmented or written piece of information passed from one person to another; the key or central idea, etc.
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