Project Materials

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF REPORTED CASES OF BREAST CANCER

ABSTRACT

The data for this study, titled Statistical analysis of reported instances of breast cancer, was gathered from the National Hospital Abuja. The statistical tool used to analyse the data is Time Series. The time series model returned a slope of -1.2, indicating that new cases of the disease are gradually decreasing.

Chapter one

1.0 Introduction

Breast cancer (malignant breast neoplasm) is a type of cancer that originates in the tissue of the milk ducts or the lobules that provide milk to the ducts. According to one of the breast cancer journals (www.webmd.com), the size, stage, pace of growth, and other tumour features affect the course of treatment.

Treatment options include surgery, medicines, chromosomal therapy, and (radiation and immunotherapy). Surgical removal of the tumour delivers benefits, with surgery alone capable of causing a cause in long-term disease-free survival. Several chemotherapy regimens are frequently used in combination to surgery.

Most forms of thermotherapy kill quickly dividing cells anywhere in the breast that were missed by surgery, which usually extends survival slightly; nevertheless, radiation exposure to the heart may result in heart failure in the future.

Some breast cancers are sensitive to hormones like oestrogen and progesterone, which means they can be treated by limiting their effects.

1.1 Background of the Study

Breast cancer surgery in the 18th century, because of its visibility, breast cancer was the form of cancer most often described in ancient documents. Because autopsies were rare, cancer of the internal organs were essentially invisible to ancient medicine.

Breast cancer, on the other hand, could be felt through the skin and in its advanced state often developed into fumigating lesion, the junior would become necrotic (die from the inside causing the tumour to appear to break up). The oldest description of cancer was unearthed in Egypt around 1600 BC.

The Edwin Smith pangrus recorded eight examples of breast tumours or ulcers treated by cauterisation; the writing states that there has been no treatment for centuries; physicians mention comparable cases in their practices with the same conclusion.

Ancient medicine, from the time of the Greeks to the 17th century, was based on humoralism and so believed that breast cancer was often caused by imbalances in the fundamental fluids of black biles; yet, patients frequently interpreted it as divine punishment.