SUPERVISION OF INSTRUCTION AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN EDUCATION
Abstract.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of instructional supervision on academic performance of secondary school students in Nasarawa State as measured by the Senior Secondary Certificate Examination (SSCE). Five studies
To guide the study to a logical conclusion, questions were used. In, the Descriptive Survey method was used.
which the Instructional Supervision and Students’ Academic Performance Questionnaire (ISSAPQ)
Using simple random sampling, obtain relevant data from 92 teachers in 37 selected Senior Secondary schools.
Pearson product moment correlational statistics (Pearson r) and the t-test at the 0.05 level of significance were used.
was used to analyze the collected data and provide answers to the research questions. According to the research, regular
Strong supervision strategies, such as checking students’ notebooks, are used in instructional supervision.
School administrators’ visits/inspection, checking teachers’ lesson plans/notes, and teacher inspection
Record keeping has a significant correlation with teachers’ performance and students’ academic achievement in
Secondary education. Recommendations include the proper alignment of government policies with the educational needs of children.
the society, the provision of adequate and relevant instructional materials for teachers, and the provision of regular in-service training for teachers
Teachers’ capacity development, depoliticization of free education programs, and proper evaluation of free education programs
For remediation, school administrative procedures and educational outcomes were presented.
Keywords: Academic Performance of Students, Instructional Supervision, Secondary School
Introduction.
Education remains the most powerful tool for academic advancement, social mobilization, political survival, and economic development.
It is the largest enterprise/industry in Nigeria and thus contributes significantly to the effective national development of any country.
The government continues to ensure that funds, school facilities, instructional materials, teaching personnel, and a safe environment are available.
In Nasarawa State, a beneficial learning environment is made available for the sector. The state legislature has
In addition, by taking a social demand approach to planning the secondary education, the government has consistently encouraged secondary education.
In accordance with Archibong’s (2013) position, the state has subsidized the SSCE fee since 2012.
that quality education does not happen by chance, but can be attained through continuous improvement
efforts of the education enterprise’s stakeholders
Recently, education stakeholders have expressed concern about the poor performance of
students taking the SSCE Some blamed the school administrators (principals) and teachers, while others blamed the students.
the students themselves, as well as their parents Whoever is to blame, the fact remains that the school and its students
The academic achievement of students is related to organizational management. (Olaleye,2013).
Sule (2013), in response to critics of educational quality and as a measure of improvement on the
a clear downward trend in educational achievement, school supervision (internal or external) has been blamed
become a veritable tool for assessing teachers’ job performance
Instructional supervision has a distinct role in the educational system, and it is becoming increasingly important.
It is absolutely necessary to draw attention to it. In today’s Nigeria, instructional supervision is essential.
regarded as the process of enhancing teachers’ professional development, curriculum development, and curriculum improvement
teaching techniques in the classroom based on democratic interactions between the teacher and the supervisor
Okendu (2012) defines formalized formalized formalized formalized formalized formalized formalized formalized
According to Nakpodia (2006), instructional supervision in the modern era is focused on the development of students.
of the teaching-learning situation for the benefit of both teachers and students, aids in the identification of
areas of strength and weakness of teachers, follow-up activities aimed at improving performance
identified areas of teachers’ weakness, recognized teachers, and created a pleasant working environment
a friendly atmosphere based on good human relations
According to the National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), supervision provides opportunities.
Teachers must be groomed through critical examination of instructional processes and classroom interactions in order to carry out their responsibilities.
carry out their teaching duties in accordance with professional codes of conduct It is possible that schools will not be adequately supervised if they are not adequately supervised.
will have a negative impact on student output, and educational goals may not be met,
As a result, various instructional supervision techniques should be used to ensure qualitative and effective instruction.
Teachers provide a large number of services.
Because instructional supervision is a leverage point for instructional improvement, teacher competence, and the efficiency of the educational system, unsupervised instruction may degrade the standard of education.
As a result, it is suggested that principals, acting as catalysts, should facilitate the implementation of the various initiatives.
sets of educational activities aimed at creating an effective, viable, vibrant, and qualitative educational system
will enhance the teaching-learning environment in the input-process-output framework, without which the
Educational endeavors may be a waste of time.
(Archibong,2010)
The instructional process and supervision play a significant role in improving students’ academic performance. This
This is due to the fact that supervision of instruction aims to improve teaching and learning through proper guidance and supervision.
planning and developing methods for improving teachers’ professional development and, as a result, assisting them in releasing their creative potential
abilities, so that the instructional process is improved and well articulated as a result of them
(Okendu,2012)
NOUN (2004) defines school administration as a social process concerned with identifying, evaluating, and directing students.
formally or informally organized human and material energies must be maintained, stimulated, controlled, and united.
within a system that is interpreted School administration is particularly concerned with students, teachers, rules, and regulations.
The rules and regulations that govern the school system. School administration is a difficult task that entails
Functions involving the supervision of students, school personnel, and instructional materials are sensitive and difficult.
program, school plants, and official records
In the school system, supervision is as old as the teaching profession and has gone through a number of transformations.
Since the colonial era, there has been an evolution. It is aimed at sustaining and improving the teaching-learning process.
in the educational system because education is critical to any nation’s growth and development
socially, politically, and financially (NOUN, 2006).
Alimi and Akinfolarin (2012) acknowledged that in Nigeria, Secondary Schools, regardless of their location,
Location and ownership are expected to function in accordance with national education achievement.
objectives, and as a result, aspire to a stellar performance in the final examination. As a result, students’
The quality of instruction and education they received in school has a significant impact on their performance.
Every educational system, at every level, is heavily reliant on teachers to carry out its mission.
programmes. In this regard, Obadara (2005) considered teachers to be extremely important for the successful operation of
the educational system, as well as a key to the advancement of education Without teachers who have relevant behavioral knowledge,
Students’ academic performance cannot be aided by characteristics or educational facilities. Without a doubt,
The success and quality of any educational system are determined by the quality of teachers who are incorporated into the system.
For many years, educators, administrators, and managers, as well as researchers, have argued about which variables should be considered.
impact a student’s academic performance A growing body of evidence suggests that schools can have a significant impact.
difference in students’ academic performance, with a significant portion of that difference attributable to
to teachers, there should be a connection between teacher behavioral traits, teacher competence, and teacher effectiveness.
Productivity and academic performance of students (Fehintola, 2014)
The magnitude and criticality of Nigeria’s educational challenges are reflected in the country’s growing poverty.
students’ performance in national examinations such as WAEC and NECO Akinola is correct in this regard (2010)
It was discovered that, of the 1,351,557 candidates who sat for the May/June 2010 WAEC in the country, only 337,071 passed.
Candidates representing 24.94 percent of the total received credits in English Language, Mathematics, and three other subjects.
subjects. Furthermore, Amuche and Fan (2014) reported that candidates who obtained credit passes in five states had a higher rate of success.
subjects and above, including English language and mathematics, during the NECO examinations in May/June 2012.
Yobe 1.5 percent, Gombe 4.2 percent, Adamawa 5.26 percent, Kebbi 7.44 percent, and Bauchi
9.2 percent in Zamfara, 9.5 percent in Zamfara, 10.69 percent in Sokoto, 10.74 percent in Katsina, 13.3 percent in Jigawa, 13.8 percent in Borno, 17.6 percent in Kwara, and 18.25 percent in Taraba.
Kano has 22.71 percent, Niger has 23.27 percent, Plateau has 25.98 percent, Nasarawa has 29.9 percent, Benue has 37.80 percent, Kogi has 40.18 percent, and Kaduna has 40.18 percent.
44.4 per cent
The apparent poor performance does not, as one would expect, satisfy Nigeria’s yearnings and aspirations.
Ogunsaju (2004) asserted that the academic standard in all Nigerian educational institutions is the same.
has fallen far short of societal expectations.
This poor performance poses a problem for Nasarawa State and the country as a whole because
At the secondary level of education, there will be a disruption in the human capital supply chain. The
Disruptions in the overall supply of manpower for the economy pose a serious threat to Nigeria’s aspiration to become a developed country.
Vision: 20:2020 aims to place the country among the top twenty economies in the world by 2020.
Every country’s future is determined by how much it invests in the development, awareness, and productivity of its people.
its constituents The majority of this investment is made in education. It is in recognition of the aforementioned fact that
Governments at all levels in Nigeria commit significant resources to ensuring the provision of high-quality education to their citizens.
citizenry, as well as tailoring its policies to ensure that quality education is available and accessible.
to the general public
Despite the efforts of the government and relevant stakeholders to reposition education in Nigeria,
On a global scale, the nation’s educational system has been experiencing some setbacks since the mid-1980s.
back in school administration, as well as a decline in both teacher performance and student academic achievement
resulting in the current objectionable colossal failure of students in career-determining exams
conducted by reputable government organizations such as JAMB, NABTEB, WAEC, and NECO (Ayegba, 2009) School results are deteriorating in terms of learning achievement, attitudes, values, and other factors.
The lack of effective measures in comparison to the massive investment in the sector is quite concerning. The primary goal of
The purpose of this research is to determine the extent of the relationship between Instructional Supervision and academic performance.
Nasarawa State Secondary School Students’ Performance
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