THE IMPACT OF REWARD AND PENALTY ON STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In secondary schools, a teacher’s ability to maintain class discipline through the use of rewards and punishments is regarded as a crucial factor. Numerous educators and psychologists have divergent opinions regarding the effectiveness of reward and punishment in secondary schools.
As the study progresses, it is hoped that the diverse perspectives and emotions of others will be integrated so that the reader will have sufficient grounds on which to base his or her conclusion after reading this work. Reward and punishment are the most frequently debated issues in secondary schools today, particularly when they pertain to the learning process.
It is also a topic of interest to a large number of teachers and parents, who feel the need for education authorities to define its limits. Some authors have advocated in their writings for granting children almost complete freedom in the school’s learning process. This issue requires a prompt and acceptable resolution because the outcome will provide practical advice and direction to those just beginning their teaching careers and to parents who take a keen interest in their children’s development.
This research does not claim to solve all of the problems associated with punishment and rewards in the school learning process; rather, it highlights some solutions that will be of great educational value to parents and the general public.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This work examines the effects of rewards and punishments on the academic performance of students in a number of secondary schools in the Oredo local government area of Edo state. Numerous educationists and psychologists have written numerous books on this subject, which the author attempts to demonstrate in the study. In order to understand the following issues, it is necessary to examine the perspectives of some of these renowned writers in addition to the research findings and personal experience.
1. to determine whether effective learning can occur through punishment.
Is there another method of effective learning besides reward and punishment?
If punishment has an effect on the learning process of secondary school students
If reward and punishment can be combined, it will be possible to accomplish many educational goals.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
This study aims to examine the effects and functions of rewards and punishments in a sample of secondary schools in the Oredo local government area of Edo state.
‘Here, the researcher will consider whether or not reward and punishment should be used in the secondary school teaching and learning process.
The following schools were utilized for this research:
1. Ogbe senior high school
2. Idia college senior high school
3. Emotan college secondary institution
Oba Ewuare senior high school
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY
This research is anticipated to be of great importance and benefit to students and parents in the Oredo local government area in the state of Edo. Through this research, students may come to understand the significance of rewards and punishments in secondary schools. This study is intended to assist the administration of secondary schools in the local government area of Oredo in improving the academic performance of their schools.
This research will also assist in determining the effects of rewards and punishments on learning in some secondary schools in the Oredo local government area of Edo state.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following research questions serve as the basis for this study.
Does punishment have any effect on the learning process of secondary school students?
Does effective learning always occur without the use of any form of punishment?
Do parents and educators support the use of discipline?
Are reward and punishment conducive to or conducive to learning?
Does discipline have a negative impact on learning?
SCOPE OF THE RESEARCH
This study focuses on the effects of rewards and punishments on student performance in selected secondary schools in Oredo, Edo state.
The following schools have been labeled as ad samples for this study.
1. Ogbe senior high school
2. Oba Ewuare senior high school
3. Idia college senior high school
4. Emotan college secondary institution
Upon completion of the research, the writer shall make the findings available to the headmasters of the schools where she conducted the research; such research work would be a solution to the research question stated in the section addressing the study’s problem.
It will be a sort of enlightenment on the part of the investigators, as the children are comparable to other children in Edo state because they run the same curriculum under the same brand of teachers, and the findings of the research would be the same for other places in Edo state and in fact elsewhere in the country.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Reward is an expression of gratitude for a job well done.
Punishment is the act of correcting a wrongdoing or defective character.
Discipline is the act of training people to obey rules and orders and punishing them if they do not maintain control of the resulting situation.
Criminal murder police investigation: the act of examining the facts of a situation, crime, etc. in an official capacity.
Sufficient: adequate for a particular purpose; allow sufficient time to reach your destination.
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THE IMPACT OF REWARD AND PENALTY ON STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS