THE IMPACT OF TRIBALISM ON DEMOCRACY IN NIGERIA
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THE IMPACT OF TRIBALISM ON DEMOCRACY IN NIGERIA
FIRST PART
1.1 Background of the Research
Political and socioeconomic ethnic conflicts have been prevalent in Nigeria since the country’s independence.
Other equally abundant ethnic and religious conflicts have, at various times under the post-colonial arrangement and various regimes, threatened the utter paralysis of Nigeria’s federal structure and the erosion of its democratic spirit.
Particularly, modern Nigeria is rife with ethnic and religious divisions among its population. The recent ethnic conflict in Aguleriumuleri, the war of attrition over the Otuocha piece of land (The Guardian, 1999:12), the agitations of the Movement for the Actualization of a Sovereign State of Biafra (MASOB), the Urbobo Itsekiri crisis, and the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People are examples of this.
In Nigeria, ethnic diversity has reached unprecedented heights. These include the 1999 Ife Modakeke Communal Conflicts in Osun State, the Hausa/Fulani and the Ketaf in Kaduna State, and the Hausa/Fulani and Ketaf in Kaduna State.
In 1999 the Ijan and Sekiris of Warri in Delta State, in 2000 the Hausa/Fulani and Yoruba ethnic Conflicts in Ogun and Lagos State, respectively, in 1999/2001 the Jukunchaba and Kuteb and the Tivs in Taraba State 1989/2000, and in 2002 the Igakwu omer Aguleriuma leri and Umeleri Communal Conflicts of Anambara. (2004).
All of these are distinct signals and obvious indications that Nigeria’s ethnicity and democracy are in disarray.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The purpose of all research is to identify problems and develop solutions for them. In relation to this study, the researcher has identified the following issues that require resolution.
In Nigeria, it has been difficult to operate a genuine democratic system, and this has frequently led to political instability, ethnic unrest, and other socioeconomic issues.
As a federal state, Nigeria has encountered numerous problems relating to the substance of democracy. The primary issue is that the initiative focuses solely on the effects of democratisation in Nigeria.
Each faction desires to retain control over the government. All of these have direct detrimental effects on the average Nigerian. Consequently, the purpose of this investigation is to discover a solution to these problems.
1.3 The Objectives of the Research
This study seeks to educate incoming generations about Nigeria’s previous and ongoing ethnic conflicts. The causes and effects of democratisation in Nigeria, as well as proposed solutions.
Similarly, the researcher will investigate the role of ethnocentrism in any democratic system and its contribution to the improvement of democracy in a Nigerian federal state.
1.4 Importance of the Research
This article is intended to be of assistance to the future leaders of Nigeria in an effort to guide them as much as possible against the ethnic, confusing, and complex situation in Nigeria.
Nonetheless, Nigerians, particularly the upcoming generation, will acquire one or two things from this work on ethnicity and its impact on Nigeria’s democratisation.
At the conclusion of the study, solutions to Nigeria’s tribal problems and the maintenance of democracy would emerge.
1.5 Extent of the Study
The length of the paper should not exceed the issue and problems of ethnicity in Nigeria and how it affects the process of democratisation from independence in 1999 to the present.
1.6 Limitations of the Study
Problems relating to time constraints and the unwillingness of respondents to provide objective answers to pertinent questions posed to them, from which logical conclusions can be derived, are anticipated to be the most significant limitations of this study.
1.7 Methodology
The historical method is used to collect information and data for this project by consulting academic papers, such as journals and some textbooks, and administering questionnaires.
1.8 Propositions
The subsequent hypotheses are proposed.
(i) If there is a connection between ethnic diversity and the maintenance of democracy.
(ii) What effects does ethnocentrism have on Nigerian democracy?
(iii) What are the methods for combating ethnic rivalries in a Nigerian democracy?
(iv) What are the consequences of ethnic conflict for democracy?
1.9 Explanation of Terms
Ethnicity is the awareness and sense of belonging to a specific ethnic or tribal group within a large society.
Democracy: As a system of government under which the people exercised their voting power to close their representatives.
Crisis refers to a period of extreme difficulty or peril, or a time when a crucial decision must be made.
Federalism is a system of government in which the governmental powers of a country are shared between a central government that represents the entire nation and the governments of the constituent regions or states.
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