THE ROLE OF MANAGERS IN EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
This study’s theme is “The Roles of Managers in Effective and Efficient Organizational Management.”
Nigeria Breweries Plc, Ibadan, Oyo State: a case study. The company employs approximately 200 employees. The sample size of 150 was determined using the Yaro Yamani formula, and that was the number of questionnaires delivered. The purpose of this study is to determine The extent to which managers can influence performance and the success or failure of an organization cannot be overstated. Managers develop the organizational climate that encourages motivation and productive performance. Managers have a crucial role in the existence of an organization. They direct, steer, influence, facilitate, and coordinate the organization’s actions. The accomplishment of organizational objectives depends on them as well as on the works. The study investigates if managers have a direct relationship with an organization’s performance and efficiency. They offer the organization with the necessary talents and leadership to achieve greater heights. In order to conduct this study, questionnaires were used to collect primary sources of data, whereas secondary sources included textbooks, journals, etc. After analyzing the data, the following conclusions were reached: the manager’s function contributes significantly to the achievement of the organization’s goals; and the leadership styles employed by managers rely on the current circumstances and the behavior of the employees. Incompetence and a lack of managerial expertise are some of the management issues that hinder the organization’s ability to function. Principally, the study suggests that managers should be made aware of the significance of their managerial duties and that these duties should be carried out meticulously. The autocratic leadership style should be eliminated from the organization and replaced with democratic leadership.
Introduction
Introduction
1.1 Context of the Study
There is no doubt that, in the modern business world, the effectiveness of a company is determined not only by its financial resources but also by the caliber of its people resources. Consequently, some companies struggle to maintain their standing, whereas others continue to advance.
In addition, it has been noticed that some organizations, once created, fail quickly, whilst their contemporaries not only flourish but also continue to run successfully. The variances in an organization’s operational capacity are mostly attributable to the managers and the roles or responsibilities they play within the organization. Due to the effectiveness of their company managers, the majority of corporations throughout the world now not only enjoy optimum productivity but also maintain remarkable competitive ability, allowing them to outmaneuver their competitors. The manager’s actions determine the organization’s fate.
At this point, one may be tempted to inquire who these managers are and what function or position they serve in these corporate organizations.
Our explanation of managerial duties may imply that a manager’s job is highly organized and that management is a logical, ordered process in which managers rationally compute the most efficient use of resources to achieve organizational objectives. In actuality, being a manager frequently requires emotional decision-making and reliance on instinct. A prompt response is a crucial part of managerial activity. Managers are frequently overburdened with responsibilities, leaving them with little or no time to evaluate every facet of a problem. As a result, they are forced to make decisions under unclear conditions without being assured of the optimal conclusion.
Managers are confronted with a vast array of difficulties, all of which they must address simultaneously. In order to perform their duties to the best of their ability, they are frequently need to make rapid decisions (brevity) and rely on career-long experience. Managers and their subordinates gain knowledge from both their accomplishments and failures.
According to (Cole,2003), management is not an activity in and of itself, but rather a description of a variety of activities performed by members of an organization whose role is that of a manager, that is, someone who has formal responsibility for the work of at least one other person within the organization. Additionally, he explained that the duties performed by these managers are typically categorized as planning, organizing, inspiring, and controlling. They essentially explain managerial duties in terms of their inputs.
Contributing further on the organizational activities of managers, (Donnelly, 2006) explains that in planning, managers establish activities, create positions, and assign duties for the accomplishment of plans. In order to motivate employees, managers must meet their social and psychological requirements in order to achieve corporate objectives. Controlling entails managers monitoring and evaluating activities and implementing corrective measures.
In the past, managers were viewed as “the boss”; while this perception may still exist today, many managers view themselves more as leaders than as those who give orders to subordinates. The manager’s role is wide and frequently rather complex. Not everyone desires to be a manager, and not everyone should contemplate becoming one. Managers supervise the actions of others and give leadership. He emphasized that all managers have a leadership role, which includes developing and sustaining a purposeful organization, as well as inspiring and punishing workers. Nonetheless, this is only one component of managers’ organizational roles.
Therefore, it would not be inappropriate or an exaggeration to declare that the quality of managers determines the progress of corporate companies. The question then becomes, to what extent and degree do these managers carry out their responsibilities, and what major element hinders their efforts in this direction?
This study on the role of managers in business organizations with special reference to Nigerian Breweries is an answer to this question (NB Plc).
1.2 Description of the Problems
The fact that certain organizations perform very well while others perform extremely poorly lends validity to the claim that there are some variables or factors that differentiate organizations. These disparities are evident not just in the organizational structure or surroundings in which these firms operate, but also in the ability of their CEOs and managers to oversee their day-to-day administration. Studies indicate that while some managers perform their managerial jobs and responsibilities with dedication and dexterity, others exhibit an uncommon degree of indifference in their administrative stance, which frequently spells doom for firms.
Consequently, the disparity in the performance of corporate organizations, particularly those in the same economic climate, demonstrates that the function and role of their managers have a significant impact on the success or failure of the businesses.
In light of the foregoing, studies have demonstrated that although some organizations have an efficient workforce, a larger market share, optimal productivity, and maximum profitability, others not only suffer the opposite in their organizations but also struggle to break even. And in the worst of these scenarios, some of these businesses have met their Waterloo and, as a result, ceased operations.
The reality that certain organizations perform ideally while others perform abysmally identifies an issue that managers are crucial to the performance of business organizations. However, the following questions remain:
i. To what extent do these managers fulfill their responsibilities?
What are the obstacles to the successful execution of these roles?
As a result of the preceding parallel and in response to the issue posed, this study on the role of managers in corporate organizations, with particular reference to Nigerian Breweries, was conceived (NB Plc).
1.3 Objectives of the Research
This study’s overarching objective is to analyze the role of managers in the effective and efficient administration of a business, using Nigeria Breweries Plc, Ibadan as a case study.
The precise aims of this study include the following:
i. Analyzing the functions of managers inside a company.
ii. Identifying the primary management functions that managers in a company do to boost productivity.
iii. Examining how the leadership/management style of managers influences the productivity and performance of their employees in the studied corporation.
iv. Identifying the management issues that impede the organization’s ability to function without interruption.
1.4 Investigative Questions
In order to accomplish the goals of this study, the following questions will be addressed:
i. Do managers have responsibilities within the organization?
ii. Does the function of managers in corporate organizations have a favorable effect on the achievement of organizational goals by workers?
iii. Does the leadership/management style of managers have an impact on the productivity and performance of employees in the organization under investigation?
iv. What management issues impede the organization under study from operating efficiently?
1.5.1 Hypotheses:
The first hypothesis
There is no substantial correlation between managers and their organizational responsibilities.
Hi: There will be a considerable correlation between managers and the organizational responsibilities they play.
Second Hypothesis
There will be no substantial association between the function of managers in corporate organizations and their impact on the achievement of organizational goals by employees.
Hi: There will be a substantial relationship between the role of managers in corporate organizations and the impact it has on the accomplishment of organizational goals by employees.
1.6 Importance of the Research
The importance of managers to the efficient and effective operation of a business cannot be overstated. This is because managers are the foundation upon which an organization’s success or failure is built. The significance of this study lies in the fact that most managers (especially new managers) will profit, as the research has shown the key tasks that managers are expected to play in an organization to ensure its smooth and effective operation.
This study is also extremely relevant since it highlights a management function that the majority of corporate organization managers have not been executing. As a result, the company would reap enormous benefits. Consequently, their (i.e., the managers’) exposure to this study will enable them to reflect inwardly and recognize the importance of this managerial role to their organization’s success.
The study is also of great help to other organizations (other than corporate organizations) because the findings and recommendations will assist them to discover solutions to their difficulties, particularly as it pertains to low employee productivity and efficiency.
This study is especially important for students and other researchers, as they would profit from the research conducted. This is due to the fact that the study would serve as a sort of launching pad for future student researchers interested in the topic.
1.7 Limitations of the Research
This type of research cannot be conducted successfully without the researcher encountering constraints or limitations. In light of this, the researcher encountered significant time constraints during the course of this investigation. At the allotted time, it was difficult for the researcher to perform an extensive survey of the actions of the management in the business organization chosen for this study and also fulfill other academic obligations. Such as attending regular classes and completing assignments, etc.
Another significant restriction of this research was low funding. A study of this sort necessitates sufficient funding to enable the researcher to make many visits to the corporation chosen for the study in order to acquire pertinent data on the subject of inquiry. However, poor funding nearly impeded the researcher’s efforts in this regard.
Another significant restriction of this study was the researcher’s difficulties in administering and collecting the questionnaires from the respondents. Some of the respondents were quite recalcitrant and informed the researcher that providing any information to an outsider could jeopardize their pleasant relationship with the management, despite the researcher’s repeated assurances that the study was for academic purposes only.
1.8 Scope of the Research
According to (Osuala, 2000), an adequate explanation of the problem must also define it very precisely in terms of its breadth, as it is evident that a researcher must establish the limits of the topics being investigated. Therefore, the scope of this study included the role of managers in corporate organizations, and Nigerian Breweries was chosen as the organization to examine (NB Plc).
1.9 Resources From Which the Materials Were Obtained
A pilot study was conducted in the NB Plc Ibadan, where the researcher conducted a field survey on the subject matter with the aid of a few questions from the staffs on the various problems they encounter on a daily basis, regardless of the role their managers play and whether or not it has an effect on their management. Notations were made and used to generate a summary of the study’s problems.
While the chapter two literature for this study consists of information obtained from journals, unpublished articles, relevant textbooks, psychology, management, and other connected resources such as project works. The researcher also makes considerable use of the Internet, where it is noted that both foreign and domestic books were consulted. The majority of information on “The function of Managers in Effective and Efficient Management of an Organization (a case study of NB PLC)” was obtained from foreign papers and literatures, which should not surprise readers upon conclusion of this study.
THE ROLE OF MANAGERS IN EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT
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