WATER CLEANING TECHNIQUES
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WATER CLEANING TECHNIQUES
CHAPITRE ONE
1.1.1 INTRODUCTION
Water is one of the ingredients required for life to exist. It is abundant and covers 70% of the earth’s crust.
With the increasing need for clean, drinkable water for home and industrial usage, it is critical to develop, locate, and maintain cost-effective water treatment techniques.
Waste water discharge is an evident and fundamental pollution problem in any place. The majority of waste waters contain sanitary wastes created by site employees, streams from kitchen wastes, gutters, sewage, and process waste fluids.
The municipal waste water treatment system can treat sanitary waste water and ground water satisfactorily.
Separate treatment is often provided for industrial process waste water. Commonly regulated pollutants in industrial discharges include total grease (FOG) PH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and some metals.
Water purification or cleaning It is critical for industrial and technology to identify any pathogenic organisms, dissolve and undissolved compounds that pose hazards to the user and develop high quality, cost effective treatment procedures to meet the standards and specifications of the regulated environmental protection agency (EPA), other water quality control agencies – NAFBAC.
There are two types of water cleaning technology: convection and non-convectional (advanced technology).
The pre or post cliloroination-filteration systems use convectional technology. The fenton chemistry technique, bio-oxidation system, membrane separation high pressure – centigugal system, and ion-exchange system are examples of non-convectional or advanced technology.
Four water cleansing procedures are explored in this context. Pre/post chlorination / flocculation, sediment filtering, disinfection, and quality testing are all performed.
To destroy pollutants, the Fentoris chemical process employs hydrogen peroxide and an iron catacyst.
High pressure – a centrifugal device that uses high pressure centrifugal force to destroy diseases and microorganisms in a reactor containing filthy water. As well as membrane technology.
Finally, EPA water quality requirements are suggested.
1.2 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The project – water cleaning techniques is a research project that seeks to identify various water cleaning or treatment technologies used in treating waste waters in order to improve their quality for human consumption and industrial usage.
Three distinct technologies are being investigated here: pre/post disintectation – foltration systems, fentou’s chemistry system, and high pressure oxidative combustion. The EPA water quality guidelines for the Centrigufal system are also presented.
SOURCES OF WASTE WATER
Wastewater can be obtained from two main sources:
Water from a domestic wastewater system
Effluent loads from industrial processes
DOMESTIC EFFLUENT WATER
Domestic effluent water comes from the kitchen, laundry, bathroom, gutters, stagnant water, polluted streams and rivers. They contain organic and inorganic substances that are both dissolved and undissolved, such as paper, decomposed matter, polymer particles, detergent, oil and pigments, and metal fragments.
INDUSTRIAL EFFULENT WATER
These are effluent from chemical manufacturing plants. They contain dangerous compounds, both dissolved and undissolved, as well as corrosive and abrasive fluids such as hydrocarbone, flurolarbous, sulphates, sulphides, cyanides, and so on.
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