EXAMINATION OF LEADERSHIP STYLES AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS IN THE ORGANIZATION PERFORMANCE
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EXAMINATION OF LEADERSHIP STYLES AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS IN THE ORGANIZATION PERFORMANCE
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Nigeria is Africa’s most populous country, with approximately 158 million inhabitants; it is rich in natural and human resources (Adeyemi, 2012). Despite its richness, Nigeria, like other Sub-Saharan countries, is one of the world’s poorest (Dibie & Herron, 2002).
Nigeria’s underdevelopment, however, has been linked to leadership incompetence, corruption, an ill-conceived development framework, and overall inefficiency in the public sector (Adebisi, 2012; Adeyemi, 2012; Adesopo, 2011; and Iheriohanma, 2011).
Okagbue (2012) stated that a lack of moral integrity among local government officials is one of the causes of leadership failure in Nigerian local governments and the public sector as a whole.
According to the 2014 Transparency International Corruption Perception Index, Nigeria ranks 136th out of 174 nations assessed to be corrupt (up from 144th in 2013). Nigeria’s rating was 25 out of 100, with zero (0) indicating very corrupt and 100 indicating very clean. Cameroon, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, and Russia share the same score as Nigeria.
According to Transparency International’s Global Corruption Barometer (2014), corruption exists in almost every industry of Nigeria. On a scale of 1 to 5, with 1 being not corrupt and 5 being extremely corrupt,
religious organisations were ranked as the least corrupt (2.2), followed by NGOs (2.4), the media (2.7), the business and private sector (2.9), the military (3.1), public officials and civil servants (3.5),
the judiciary (3.7), the education system (3.8), parliament and legislature (4.2), political parties (4.5), and police (4.7). Policing is widely regarded as the most corrupt institution in Nigeria.
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