THE EFFECTS OF NEWS COMMERCIALIZATION ON THE CONTENTS OF PRIVATE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
This study will examine the impact of news commercialization on news credibility in the broadcast media, with a focus on Africa Independent Television and the Nigerian Tribune as case studies.
The study intends to determine whether the commercialization of news affects its credibility and objectivity, as well as whether it encourages the “Brown envelope syndrome,” accuracy, balance, fairness, and so on. It also intends to determine whether those who cannot afford to pay the media have the opportunity and chances to broadcast their events on air via Mass media of communication, such as electronic broadcast media.
This study will also allow the researcher to determine whether news managers, news editors, and reporters (journalists) consistently carry out their gate-keeping roles while also carrying out their watchdog roles.
In other words, whether they still adhere to the profession’s ethics and laws, or whether they are swayed by news sponsors and their money.
The study will also attempt to determine whether the audience / public is aware that the news they read in newspapers and watch on television is owned and paid for by the sponsors, as they are not usually mentioned during news broadcasting and information dissemination.
Problem Statements for Research
Critics have identified news distortion, imbalanced reporting, and the public’s growing tendency not to believe media news (lack of objectivity) as major problems inherent in Africa Independent Television and Nigerian Tribune for news and other information.
This research work focuses on the key issues that the researcher wishes to address.
One of the most prevalent ethical standards in journalism is objectivity. The reporters’ goals and objectives include objectivity in news gathering and presentation.
The Study’s Objectives
The primary goals and objectives of this research are to assess the credibility of broadcast news in both Africa Independent Television and the Nigerian Tribune since their partial commercialization resulted in the emergence of news commercialization.
The commercialization policy is not for private and cooperative organizations to be stake holders in media organizations, but for such organizations to be sources of funding for the media’s operations, given that government subventions are insufficient to keep the organizations afloat.
As a result, the standard established on news commercialization is another means by which funds can be raised within the media for the continuation of activities.
What is being argued here is that the media should make commercial news known to the audience in order for them to be aware that the news they were listening to at the time was sponsored by an unidentified person.
The researcher meant that paid news and unpaid news should be distinguished.
The observations made show that the editor’s gatekeeping functions have limitations. “Any person or formally organized group directly involved in relaying or prohibits ferrying information from one individual to another through any medium of mass communication is referred to as a gatekeeper.”
Such a person or individual has the ability to limit the information received by the public by editing the information before it is disseminated.
The researcher also wants to know if the aforementioned is practiced, because news paid for is edited according to the wishes of the sponsor.
Research Issues
The researcher will ask the following questions:
What effect has news commercialization had on the perceived “Brown envelope syndrome,” and how has it affected the credibility of these media’s news?
Has the commercialization of news deprived those who cannot afford the stipulated amount of media access?
Is the role of the gatekeeper being hampered as a result of news commercialization?
Do the viewers realize that the news they see on AIT and read on Nigerian Tribune is paid for?
The Study’s Importance
The significance of this study is to demonstrate to media practitioners and broadcast students the significance of commercialization in the media and professionalism. The study of commercialization in media houses will help to understand the concept and its role in enhancing the success or failure of broadcasting industries.
The Study’s Purpose
Much has been said about commercialization of private media content; however, little is known about the organization’s ratifications and implications of this measure, and how far it has affected or will affect the organization’s operation, performances, and fulfillment of their obligations and responsibility to the Nigerian public.
The Study’s Scope
Although the primary goals and objectives of the project are to investigate the impact of commercialization on the content of private media, this cannot be effectively discussed without taking into account the demographics of AIT and
Nigerian Tribune staffs, as well as the sample size of the general public who respond to the study’s questionnaire. Before distributing research instruments, experience, educational background, professional training, age, gender, and other factors must be considered.
The Study’s Limitations
The research focuses primarily on the credibility and objectivity of news in Africa Independent Television and the Nigerian Tribune. These elements will be linked to the brown envelope syndrome, which is prevalent among journalists and news editors.
Time constraints have imposed numerous constraints on this work, and the project’s insufficient funding is another impediment. This project is also restricted to AIT and the Nigerian Tribune, from which all findings will be generalized.
Terms and Definitions
Commercialization: It is a type of fund-raising from sales. Where money is generated through the sale of something. A situation in which the broadcast media generates revenue from news by selling air time for news rather than broadcasting news based on accepted news values.
Credibility is the operational definition of which can be trusted. Acceptance of the news content of the broadcast media by the audience.
Any person or formally organized group directly involved in relaying or disseminating information from one individual to another mass medium is referred to as a gatekeeper. The public’s perception of gatekeepers’ inability to limit information, remove unwanted parts of a news story, and broaden paid stories in broadcast media.
Brown Envelope: A method by which news sponsors give money to inform journalists and editors of bribes. The audience believes that editors and journalists accept money in the form of bribes from news sponsors, preventing them from carrying out their unique roles objectively.
Objectivity means not being swayed by personal feelings, ideas, or biases. A state of being influenced by one’s own emotions or biases.
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THE EFFECTS OF NEWS COMMERCIALIZATION ON THE CONTENTS OF PRIVATE MEDIA
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